Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false, and brieflyexplain your answer.(a) In general, the metabolic oxidation of protein in mammals is less ef-ficient, in terms of energy conserved, than the metabolic oxidation ofcarbohydrate or fat.(b) Given that the nitrogen of glutamate can be redistributed by transami-nation, glutamate should be a good supplement for nutritionally poorproteins.(c) Arginine is a nonessential amino acid for mammals because the enzymesof arginine synthesis are abundant in liver.(d) Alanine is an essential amino acid because it is a constituent of everyprotein.

Answered: Indicate whether each of the following…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Phosphoribosyltransferase (PRT) catalyzes the attachment of a salvaged purine nitrogenous base on the activated form of ribose-5-phosphate called 5-phosphoribosyl- α α-pyrophosphate ( α α-PRPP). True Or False
Fatty acid biosynthesis provides for energy storage over [ Select ] ["longer", "shorter"] time periods than that of glycogen. It is assembled by sequential addition of [ Select ] ["three carbon units", "2 carbon units, acetyl-CoA"] . Fatty acid synthesis occurs in [ Select ] ["the mitochondrial matrix", "the cytoplasm"] and generation of [ Select ] ["Malonyl-CoA", "acetyl-CoA"] is rate limiting. Fatty acid synthase, by multiple rounds of carbon molecule addition, achieves the generation of palmitate, with the consumption of [ Select ] ["ATP and NADPH", "phosphocreatine and NADH"].
The enzyme pyruvate carboxylase is discovered in a bacterium that was thought not to contain it; in this case study, you’ll see how researchers study and characterize the enzyme, and, ultimately, show how it fits into a metabolic pathway. Following purification of the PYC enzyme by avidin-Sepharose affinity chromatography, the investigators carried out several experiments to characterize the enzyme. First, they ran samples of the enzyme on denaturing and non-denaturing gels; the results are shown in the figure to the right. In addition, they ran the protein through a calibrated gel filtration column, the results of which indicated that the PYC enzyme had a molecular weight of 540 kiloDaltons. In the figure, the rightmost column are where molecular weight standards of various sizes would occur if they’d been on the gels. The catalytic properties of the PYC enzyme were assessed following purification. The activity of the enzyme was assayed in the presence of ATP, pyruvate, bicarbonate…
Calculate the energy(Kcal.) produced from full oxidation of (3) mole of glucose (glucose --> CO2+ H2O), Compare the energy yield with that produced from oxidation of (1) mole .of stearic acid (C18)
Amino acid alanine
Glucocorticoids (GC) are stress hormones that modulate glucose homeostasis. One effect is to reduce glucose uptake from the bloodstream into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, to increase the catabolism of expendable proteins in the skeletal muscle, and to increase gluconeogenesis in the liver. Why are these metabolic adaptations important during stressful situations, like fasting/starvation? Predict how the glucocorticoid cortisol will affect blood urea concentrations.

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