In the SN1 mechanism shown here, (a) identify each species as an overall reactant, overall product, or intermediate, then (b) sum the steps to yield the overall reaction. :Br:

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
icon
Related questions
Question
**SN1 Mechanism: Identification of Species and Reaction Steps**

In the SN1 mechanism depicted, our task is to:
(a) Identify each species as an overall reactant, overall product, or intermediate.
(b) Sum the steps to yield the overall reaction.

**Step-by-Step Breakdown:**

1. **Initial Molecule:**
   - The starting compound features a bromine atom (Br) connected to a carbon chain. The Br is indicated to leave, as shown by the curved arrow.

2. **Formation of a Carbocation:**
   - Upon Br leaving, a carbocation intermediate is formed, represented by a positively charged carbon.

3. **Substitution by Iodine Ion:**
   - An iodide ion (I⁻) is then shown donating a pair of electrons (indicated by a curved arrow) to form a bond with the carbocation, resulting in the formation of the main product.

**Key Components:**

- **Overall Reactant:** The original molecule with bromine.
- **Intermediate:** The carbocation formed after bromine leaves.
- **Overall Product:** The final compound with iodine substituted for bromine.

**Purpose of Distinction:**

Understanding the difference between intermediates and overall reactants/products helps clarify which species can be isolated during the reaction process.
Transcribed Image Text:**SN1 Mechanism: Identification of Species and Reaction Steps** In the SN1 mechanism depicted, our task is to: (a) Identify each species as an overall reactant, overall product, or intermediate. (b) Sum the steps to yield the overall reaction. **Step-by-Step Breakdown:** 1. **Initial Molecule:** - The starting compound features a bromine atom (Br) connected to a carbon chain. The Br is indicated to leave, as shown by the curved arrow. 2. **Formation of a Carbocation:** - Upon Br leaving, a carbocation intermediate is formed, represented by a positively charged carbon. 3. **Substitution by Iodine Ion:** - An iodide ion (I⁻) is then shown donating a pair of electrons (indicated by a curved arrow) to form a bond with the carbocation, resulting in the formation of the main product. **Key Components:** - **Overall Reactant:** The original molecule with bromine. - **Intermediate:** The carbocation formed after bromine leaves. - **Overall Product:** The final compound with iodine substituted for bromine. **Purpose of Distinction:** Understanding the difference between intermediates and overall reactants/products helps clarify which species can be isolated during the reaction process.
Expert Solution
Step 1

There is always a driving force for every reaction. In case of a unimolecular substitution reaction the formation of stable carbonation is the driving force. 

The generated carbonation may be a tertiary, allylic or benzylic one. 

 

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps with 1 images

Blurred answer
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY