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In the human and other organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is a cell, which is microscopic. Although cells vary in size, shape, and specialized func- tions, all share certain characteristics. For instance, all cells of humans and other complex organisms contain structures called organelles (or"gah-nelz') that carry out specific activities. Organelles are composed of aggregates of mac- romolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Cells may be organized into layers or other structures that have common functions. Such a group of cells forms a tissue. Groups of different tissues that interact form organs-complex structures with specialized functions- and groups of organs that function closely together com- pose organ systems. Organ systems make up an organism (or'gah-nizm), which is a living thing. Body parts can be described in terms of different lev- els of organization, such as the atomic level, the molecular level, or the cellular level. Furthermore, body parts differ in complexity from one level to the next. That is, atoms are less complex than molecules, molecules are less complex than organelles, tissues are less complex than organs, and so forth. Chapters 2-6 discuss these levels of organization in more detail. Chapter 2 describes the atomic and molecular levels. Chapter 3 deals with organelles and cellular structures and functions, and chapter 4 explores cellular metabolism. 3. List the levels of organization in the human body and the characteristics of each. Until the invention of magnifying lenses and microscopes about 400 years ago, anatomists were limited in their studies to what they could see with the unaided eye-large parts. But with these new tools, investigators discovered that larger body structures are made up of smaller parts, which in turn are composed of even smaller ones. Figure 1.3 shows the levels of organization that modern- day scientists recognize. All materials, including those that make up the human body, are composed of chemicals. Chemicals consist of microscopic particles called atoms, which join to form molecules. Small molecules can com- bine in complex ways to form larger macromolecules. Atom Organ system Molecule Macromolecule Organ Organelle Organism Cell Tissue

In the human and other organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is a cell, which is microscopic. Although cells vary in size, shape, and specialized func- tions, all share certain characteristics. For instance, all cells of humans and other complex organisms contain structures called organelles (or"gah-nelz') that carry out specific activities. Organelles are composed of aggregates of mac- romolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Cells may be organized into layers or other structures that have common functions. Such a group of cells forms a tissue. Groups of different tissues that interact form organs-complex structures with specialized functions- and groups of organs that function closely together com- pose organ systems. Organ systems make up an organism (or'gah-nizm), which is a living thing. Body parts can be described in terms of different lev- els of organization, such as the atomic level, the molecular level, or the cellular level. Furthermore, body parts differ in complexity from one level to the next. That is, atoms are less complex than molecules, molecules are less complex than organelles, tissues are less complex than organs, and so forth. Chapters 2-6 discuss these levels of organization in more detail. Chapter 2 describes the atomic and molecular levels. Chapter 3 deals with organelles and cellular structures and functions, and chapter 4 explores cellular metabolism. 3. List the levels of organization in the human body and the characteristics of each. Until the invention of magnifying lenses and microscopes about 400 years ago, anatomists were limited in their studies to what they could see with the unaided eye-large parts. But with these new tools, investigators discovered that larger body structures are made up of smaller parts, which in turn are composed of even smaller ones. Figure 1.3 shows the levels of organization that modern- day scientists recognize. All materials, including those that make up the human body, are composed of chemicals. Chemicals consist of microscopic particles called atoms, which join to form molecules. Small molecules can com- bine in complex ways to form larger macromolecules. Atom Organ system Molecule Macromolecule Organ Organelle Organism Cell Tissue

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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In the human and other organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is a cell, which is microscopic. Although cells vary in size, shape, and specialized func- tions, all share certain characteristics. For instance, all cells of humans and other complex organisms contain structures called organelles (or"gah-nelz') that carry out specific activities. Organelles are composed of aggregates of mac- romolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Cells may be organized into layers or other structures that have common functions. Such a group of cells forms a tissue. Groups of different tissues that interact form organs-complex structures with specialized functions- and groups of organs that function closely together com- pose organ systems. Organ systems make up an organism (or'gah-nizm), which is a living thing. Body parts can be described in terms of different lev- els of organization, such as the atomic level, the molecular level, or the cellular level. Furthermore, body parts differ in complexity from one level to the next. That is, atoms are less complex than molecules, molecules are less complex than organelles, tissues are less complex than organs, and so forth. Chapters 2-6 discuss these levels of organization in more detail. Chapter 2 describes the atomic and molecular levels. Chapter 3 deals with organelles and cellular structures and functions, and chapter 4 explores cellular metabolism. 3. List the levels of organization in the human body and the characteristics of each. Until the invention of magnifying lenses and microscopes about 400 years ago, anatomists were limited in their studies to what they could see with the unaided eye-large parts. But with these new tools, investigators discovered that larger body structures are made up of smaller parts, which in turn are composed of even smaller ones. Figure 1.3 shows the levels of organization that modern- day scientists recognize. All materials, including those that make up the human body, are composed of chemicals. Chemicals consist of microscopic particles called atoms, which join to form molecules. Small molecules can com- bine in complex ways to form larger macromolecules. Atom Organ system Molecule Macromolecule Organ Organelle Organism Cell Tissue
Transcribed Image Text:In the human and other organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is a cell, which is microscopic. Although cells vary in size, shape, and specialized func- tions, all share certain characteristics. For instance, all cells of humans and other complex organisms contain structures called organelles (or"gah-nelz') that carry out specific activities. Organelles are composed of aggregates of mac- romolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. Cells may be organized into layers or other structures that have common functions. Such a group of cells forms a tissue. Groups of different tissues that interact form organs-complex structures with specialized functions- and groups of organs that function closely together com- pose organ systems. Organ systems make up an organism (or'gah-nizm), which is a living thing. Body parts can be described in terms of different lev- els of organization, such as the atomic level, the molecular level, or the cellular level. Furthermore, body parts differ in complexity from one level to the next. That is, atoms are less complex than molecules, molecules are less complex than organelles, tissues are less complex than organs, and so forth. Chapters 2-6 discuss these levels of organization in more detail. Chapter 2 describes the atomic and molecular levels. Chapter 3 deals with organelles and cellular structures and functions, and chapter 4 explores cellular metabolism. 3. List the levels of organization in the human body and the characteristics of each. Until the invention of magnifying lenses and microscopes about 400 years ago, anatomists were limited in their studies to what they could see with the unaided eye-large parts. But with these new tools, investigators discovered that larger body structures are made up of smaller parts, which in turn are composed of even smaller ones. Figure 1.3 shows the levels of organization that modern- day scientists recognize. All materials, including those that make up the human body, are composed of chemicals. Chemicals consist of microscopic particles called atoms, which join to form molecules. Small molecules can com- bine in complex ways to form larger macromolecules. Atom Organ system Molecule Macromolecule Organ Organelle Organism Cell Tissue
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