In Figure 2 a diagram shows how traits are shared (or not shared) in different generations. Based on the diagram: a. A, represents a plesiomorph trait. In how many generations is A shared (symplesiomorph)? b. C represents an apomorphictrait. What generations share C (synapomorphy)? c. E is considered an autapomorphic trait. Why do you think? d. What about B and D? How do we classify them?

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A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: The diagram of a gamete below depicts a single chromosome within a gamete. The bars spanning the…

A: The term "genetic diversity" describes the wide range of genetic traits present in a population or…

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A:

Q: In mammals, more than one chiasma per chromosome arm is an indication that crossing-over has…

A: Chiasma is the point of contact between two non sister-chromatids.

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A: Crossing over occurs in prophase I - Pachytene.

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.