In February 2021, the Chicago Tribune reported: “The overdose epidemic that has ravaged Chicago has not spared the nearby suburbs, some of which have death rates comparable to anything seen in the city, according to a report released this week by the Cook County Department of Public Health. ZIP codes in the towns of Worth, Broadview, Maywood, and Forest Park, areas that “have substantially lower median household incomes and higher poverty rates,” have been especially hard-hit, the report said.” In the article, they claimed that lower incomes were associated with higher overdose death rates and that overdose death rates are increasing over time. The data you have been analyzing wasn’t focused on Chicago, obviously. But do your results support the general gist of the statistical argument being made in this Tribune excerpt? Please address: • Do overdose death rates appear to be associated with per capita income (use scatterplot)? • Do overdose death rates appear to be increasing over time (use hypothesis test)? State 2019 Per Capita Income Overdose Death Rate (per 100,000) Alabama $ 44,145.00 16.3 Alaska $ 62,806.00 17.8 Arizona $ 46,058.00 26.8 Arkansas $ 44,629.00 13.5 California $ 66,619.00 15 Colorado $ 61,157.00 18 Connecticut $ 77,289.00 34.7 Delaware $ 54,485.00 48 Florida $ 52,426.00 25.5 Georgia $ 48,236.00 13.1 Hawaii $ 57,015.00 15.9 Idaho $ 45,968.00 15.1 Illinois $ 58,764.00 21.9 Indiana $ 48,678.00 26.6 Iowa $ 51,865.00 11.5 Kansas $ 53,426.00 14.3 Kentucky $ 43,770.00 32.5 Louisiana $ 47,460.00 28.3 Maine $ 50,634.00 29.9 Maryland $ 64,640.00 38.2 Massachusetts $ 74,187.00 32.1 Michigan $ 49,228.00 24.4 Minnesota $ 58,834.00 14.2 Mississippi $ 38,914.00 13.6 Missouri $ 48,656.00 26.9 Montana $ 49,747.00 14.1 Nebraska $ 54,515.00 8.7 Nevada $ 51,161.00 20.1 New Hampshire $ 63,502.00 32 New Jersey $ 70,471.00 31.7 New Mexico $ 43,326.00 30.2 New York $ 71,717.00 18.2 North Carolina $ 47,766.00 22.3 North Dakota $ 57,232.00 11.4 Ohio $ 50,199.00 38.3 Oklahoma $ 47,341.00 16.7 Oregon $ 53,191.00 14 Pennsylvania $ 58,032.00 35.6 Rhode Island $ 56,361.00 29.5 South Carolina $ 45,438.00 22.7 South Dakota $ 53,962.00 10.5 Tennessee $ 48,684.00 31.2 Texas $ 52,813.00 10.8 Utah $ 48,939.00 18.9 Vermont $ 55,293.00 23.8 Virginia $ 59,657.00 18.3 Washington $ 64,758.00 15.8 West Virginia $ 42,315.00 52.8 Wisconsin $ 53,227.00 21.1 Wyoming $ 62,189.00 14.1

In February 2021, the Chicago Tribune reported: “The overdose epidemic that has ravaged Chicago has not spared the nearby suburbs, some of which have death rates comparable to anything seen in the city, according to a report released this week by the Cook County Department of Public Health. ZIP codes in the towns of Worth, Broadview, Maywood, and Forest Park, areas that “have substantially lower median household incomes and higher poverty rates,” have been especially hard-hit, the report said.” In the article, they claimed that lower incomes were associated with higher overdose death rates and that overdose death rates are increasing over time. The data you have been analyzing wasn’t focused on Chicago, obviously. But do your results support the general gist of the statistical argument being made in this Tribune excerpt? Please address: • Do overdose death rates appear to be associated with per capita income (use scatterplot)? • Do overdose death rates appear to be increasing over time (use hypothesis test)? State 2019 Per Capita Income Overdose Death Rate (per 100,000) Alabama $ 44,145.00 16.3 Alaska $ 62,806.00 17.8 Arizona $ 46,058.00 26.8 Arkansas $ 44,629.00 13.5 California $ 66,619.00 15 Colorado $ 61,157.00 18 Connecticut $ 77,289.00 34.7 Delaware $ 54,485.00 48 Florida $ 52,426.00 25.5 Georgia $ 48,236.00 13.1 Hawaii $ 57,015.00 15.9 Idaho $ 45,968.00 15.1 Illinois $ 58,764.00 21.9 Indiana $ 48,678.00 26.6 Iowa $ 51,865.00 11.5 Kansas $ 53,426.00 14.3 Kentucky $ 43,770.00 32.5 Louisiana $ 47,460.00 28.3 Maine $ 50,634.00 29.9 Maryland $ 64,640.00 38.2 Massachusetts $ 74,187.00 32.1 Michigan $ 49,228.00 24.4 Minnesota $ 58,834.00 14.2 Mississippi $ 38,914.00 13.6 Missouri $ 48,656.00 26.9 Montana $ 49,747.00 14.1 Nebraska $ 54,515.00 8.7 Nevada $ 51,161.00 20.1 New Hampshire $ 63,502.00 32 New Jersey $ 70,471.00 31.7 New Mexico $ 43,326.00 30.2 New York $ 71,717.00 18.2 North Carolina $ 47,766.00 22.3 North Dakota $ 57,232.00 11.4 Ohio $ 50,199.00 38.3 Oklahoma $ 47,341.00 16.7 Oregon $ 53,191.00 14 Pennsylvania $ 58,032.00 35.6 Rhode Island $ 56,361.00 29.5 South Carolina $ 45,438.00 22.7 South Dakota $ 53,962.00 10.5 Tennessee $ 48,684.00 31.2 Texas $ 52,813.00 10.8 Utah $ 48,939.00 18.9 Vermont $ 55,293.00 23.8 Virginia $ 59,657.00 18.3 Washington $ 64,758.00 15.8 West Virginia $ 42,315.00 52.8 Wisconsin $ 53,227.00 21.1 Wyoming $ 62,189.00 14.1

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

State	2019
Per Capita Income	Overdose Death Rate (per 100,000)
Alabama	$ 44,145.00	16.3
Alaska	$ 62,806.00	17.8
Arizona	$ 46,058.00	26.8
Arkansas	$ 44,629.00	13.5
California	$ 66,619.00	15
Colorado	$ 61,157.00	18
Connecticut	$ 77,289.00	34.7
Delaware	$ 54,485.00	48
Florida	$ 52,426.00	25.5
Georgia	$ 48,236.00	13.1
Hawaii	$ 57,015.00	15.9
Idaho	$ 45,968.00	15.1
Illinois	$ 58,764.00	21.9
Indiana	$ 48,678.00	26.6
Iowa	$ 51,865.00	11.5
Kansas	$ 53,426.00	14.3
Kentucky	$ 43,770.00	32.5
Louisiana	$ 47,460.00	28.3
Maine	$ 50,634.00	29.9
Maryland	$ 64,640.00	38.2
Massachusetts	$ 74,187.00	32.1
Michigan	$ 49,228.00	24.4
Minnesota	$ 58,834.00	14.2
Mississippi	$ 38,914.00	13.6
Missouri	$ 48,656.00	26.9
Montana	$ 49,747.00	14.1
Nebraska	$ 54,515.00	8.7
Nevada	$ 51,161.00	20.1
New Hampshire	$ 63,502.00	32
New Jersey	$ 70,471.00	31.7
New Mexico	$ 43,326.00	30.2
New York	$ 71,717.00	18.2
North Carolina	$ 47,766.00	22.3
North Dakota	$ 57,232.00	11.4
Ohio	$ 50,199.00	38.3
Oklahoma	$ 47,341.00	16.7
Oregon	$ 53,191.00	14
Pennsylvania	$ 58,032.00	35.6
Rhode Island	$ 56,361.00	29.5
South Carolina	$ 45,438.00	22.7
South Dakota	$ 53,962.00	10.5
Tennessee	$ 48,684.00	31.2
Texas	$ 52,813.00	10.8
Utah	$ 48,939.00	18.9
Vermont	$ 55,293.00	23.8
Virginia	$ 59,657.00	18.3
Washington	$ 64,758.00	15.8
West Virginia	$ 42,315.00	52.8
Wisconsin	$ 53,227.00	21.1
Wyoming	$ 62,189.00	14.1

Overdose Death Rate
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Per Capita Income

Definition Definition Middle value of a data set. The median divides a data set into two halves, and it also called the 50th percentile. The median is much less affected by outliers and skewed data than the mean. If the number of elements in a dataset is odd, then the middlemost element of the data arranged in ascending or descending order is the median. If the number of elements in the dataset is even, the average of the two central elements of the arranged data is the median of the set. For example, if a dataset has five items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31—the median is the third item in ascending order, or 21. If a dataset has six items—12, 13, 21, 27, 31, 33—the median is the average of the third (21) and fourth (27) items. It is calculated as follows: (21 + 27) / 2 = 24.

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