In corn plants, a dominant allele (1) inhibits the expression of kernel color, while the recessive allele (1) promotes the expression of kernel color when homozygous. Another dominant allele, (P), causes purple kernel color, while the homozygous recessive genotype (pp) causes red kernels. Assuming that these alleles assort independently, predict the phenotypic ratio of the offspring if two plants dihybrid for these characteristics are crossed.
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- White fruit color in summer squash is dependent on a dominant gene (W) and colored fruit to the recessive gene (w). In the presence of ww a dominant gene produces yellow color, but when D is not present, the color is green. Give the F2 phenotypes and the proportions expected from crossing (show the diagram) a white-fruited (WWDD) with a green-fruited (wwdd) plant.In a species of plant, two genes control flower color. The red allele(R) is dominant to the white allele (r); the color-producing allele(C) is dominant to the non-color-producing allele (c). You suspectthat either an rr homozygote or a cc homozygote will producewhite flowers. In other words, rr is epistatic to C, and cc is epistatic to R. To test your hypothesis, you allow heterozygous plants(RrCc) to self-fertilize and count the offspring. You obtain the following data: 201 plants with red flowers and 144 with white flowers. Conduct a chi square analysis to see if your observed data areconsistent with your hypothesis.. In nature, the plant Plectritis congesta is dimorphic forfruit shape; that is, individual plants bear either winglessor winged fruits, as shown in the illustration.Wingless fruit Winged fruitPlants were collected from nature before floweringand were crossed or selfed with the following results:Number of progenyPollination Winged WinglessWinged (selfed) 91 1*Winged (selfed) 90 30Wingless (selfed) 4* 80Winged × wingless 161 0Winged × wingless 29 31Winged × wingless 46 0Winged × winged 44 0*Phenotype probably has a nongenetic explanation.Interpret these results, and derive the mode ofinheritance of these fruit-shaped phenotypes. Usesymbols. What do you think is the nongeneticexplanation for the phenotypes marked by asterisks inthe table?
- In a species of plant, two genes control flower color. The redallele (R) is dominant to the white allele (r); the color-producingallele (C) is dominant to the non-color-producing allele (c). Yoususpect that either an rr homozygote or a cc homozygote willproduce white flowers. In other words, rr is epistatic to C, andcc is epistatic to R. To test your hypothesis, you allowed heterozygousplants (RrCc) to self-fertilize and counted the phenotypesof the offspring. You obtained the following data: 201 plantswith red flowers and 144 with white flowers. Conduct a chisquare test to see if your observed data are consistent with yourhypothesis.In maize trisomics, n + 1 pollen is not viable. If adominant allele at the B locus produces purple colorinstead of the recessive phenotype bronze and a B b btrisomic plant is pollinated by a B B b plant, whatproportion of the progeny produced will be trisomicand have a bronze phenotype?Snapdragons occur in nature as either green- or yellow-leaved plants. Suppose that a gardener crosses two yellow-leaved snapdragons, and one-third of the offspring have green leaves while two-thirds of the offspring have yellow leaves. What is the most likely explanation for this outcome? The allele causing yellow leaves is a recessive epistatic allele O The allele causing yellow leaves is carried in the chloroplast genome O The allele causing yellow leaves is a dominant lethal allele The allele causing yellow leaves is a recessive lethal allele
- In certain plant species such as tomatoes and petunias, a highly polymorphic incompatibility gene S with more than 100 known alleles prevents self-fertilization and promotes outbreeding. In this form of incompatibility, a plant cannot accept sperm carrying an allele identical to either of its own incompatibility alleles. If, for example, pollen carrying sperm with allele sI of the incompatibility gene lands onto the stigma (a female organ) of a plant that also carries the st allele, the sperm cannot fertilize any eggs in that plant. (This phenomenon occurs because the pollen grain on the stigma cannot grow a pollen tube to allow the sperm to unite with the egg.) For the following crosses, indicate whether any progeny would be produced, and if so, list all possible genotypes of these progeny. a. 8 s'5x 9 s's? b. ¿s'sx95353 d. Explain how this mechanism of incompatibility would prevent plant self- fertilization. e. How does this incompatibility system ensure F. How do you know that peas…n pea plants, the appearance of flowers along the main stem is a dominant phenotype called axial and is controlled by the T allele. The recessive phenotype, produced by the E t allele, has flowers only at the end of the stem and is called terminal. Seedpod form iS determined by a second gene. The dominant phenotype inflated is controlled by allele C, and a recessive constricted form, produced by allele c. A pure breeding axial, constricted plant is crossed to one that is pure-breeding terminal, inflated. A. The F1 progeny of this cross are allowed to self-fertilize. What is the expected distribution of phenotypic classes among the F2 progeny? -> TTcc t난 CC x Et 1:2:1F1 hybrids between two species of cotton, Gossypium barbadenseand Gossypium hirsutum, are very vigorous plants. However, F1crosses produce many seeds that do not germinate and a high percentageof very weak F2 offspring. Suggest two reasons for theseobservations.
- A plant of phenotype 1 was selfed, and, in the progeny,there were 100 plants of phenotype 1 and 60 plants ofan alternative phenotype 2. Are these numbers compatible with expected ratios of 9:7, 13:3, and 3:1?Formulate a genetic hypothesis on the basis of yourcalculationsIn corn plants, a dominant allele (I) inhibits kernel colour, but the recessive allele (i) permits colour when homozygous. At a different locus, the dominant gene P causes purple kernel colour, and the homozygous recessive genotype pp causes red kernels. If plants that are heterozygous at both loci are crossed, what will be the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation?In Drosophila, M. Green found a singed allele (sn) withsome unusual characteristics. Females homozygous forthis X-linked allele have singed bristles, but they havenumerous patches of sn+ (wild-type) bristles on theirheads, thoraxes, and abdomens. When these flies aremated with sn males, some females give only singedprogeny, but others give both singed and wild-type progeny in variable proportions. Explain these results.