In an article entitled “Bucket-Handle Meniscal Tears of the Knee: Sensitivity and Specificity of MRI signs,” Dorsay and Helms (A-6) performed a retrospective study of 71 knees scanned by MRI. One of the indicators they examined was the absence of the “bow-tie sign” in the MRI as evidence of a bucket-handle or “bucket-handle type” tear of the meniscus. In the study, surgery confirmed that 43 of the 71 cases were bucket-handle tears. The cases may be cross-classified by “bow-tie sign” status and surgical results as follows: Tear Surgically Confirmed Tear Surgically Confirmed As Not Present Total Positive Test (absent bow-tie sign) 38 10 48 Negative Test (bow-tie sign presence) 5 18 23 Total 43 28 71 Source: Theodore A. Dorsay and Clyde A. Helms, “Bucket-handle Meniscal Tears of the Knee: Sensitivity and Specificity of MRI Signs,” Skeletal Radiology, 32 (2003), 266–272. (a) What is the sensitivity of testing to see if the absent bow tie sign indicates a meniscal tear? (b) What is the specificity of testing to see if the absent bow tie sign indicates a meniscal tear? (c) What additional information would you need to determine the predictive value of the test?

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In an article entitled “Bucket-Handle Meniscal Tears of the Knee: Sensitivity and Specificity of MRI signs,” Dorsay and Helms (A-6) performed a retrospective study of 71 knees scanned by MRI. One of the indicators they examined was the absence of the “bow-tie sign” in the MRI as evidence of a bucket-handle or “bucket-handle type” tear of the meniscus. In the study, surgery confirmed that 43 of the 71 cases were bucket-handle tears. The cases may be cross-classified by “bow-tie sign” status and surgical results as follows:

Tear Surgically Confirmed

Tear Surgically Confirmed As Not Present

Total

Positive Test (absent bow-tie sign)

Negative Test (bow-tie sign presence)

Total

Source: Theodore A. Dorsay and Clyde A. Helms, “Bucket-handle Meniscal Tears of the Knee: Sensitivity and Specificity of MRI Signs,” Skeletal Radiology, 32 (2003), 266–272.

(a) What is the sensitivity of testing to see if the absent bow tie sign indicates a meniscal tear?

(b) What is the specificity of testing to see if the absent bow tie sign indicates a meniscal tear?

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