In a study, where the causal relationship between alcohol drinking and colon cancer was studied, there were 2000 people who consume alcohol and there were 2000 people who do not consume alcohol. These populations were followed up for 10 years and after the following period there were 280 people who had colon cancer in alcohol drinker group, compared with 100 people having colon cancer in the non-drinker group. (e) Interpret your finding in the question What was the relative risk of having colon cancer risk in alcohol drinkers (what does the relative risk you found out)? explain in great detail

In a study, where the causal relationship between alcohol drinking and colon cancer was studied, there were 2000 people who consume alcohol and there were 2000 people who do not consume alcohol. These populations were followed up for 10 years and after the following period there were 280 people who had colon cancer in alcohol drinker group, compared with 100 people having colon cancer in the non-drinker group. (e) Interpret your finding in the question What was the relative risk of having colon cancer risk in alcohol drinkers (what does the relative risk you found out)? explain in great detail

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter12: Genes And Cancer

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 27QP: Studies have shown that there are significant differences in cancer rates among different ethnic...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

a.) compare the trends of men and women between 1980 and 2005. Suggest a reason why the trends are there. b.) based on the graph, predict the trends in lung cancer rates for men and women from 2005 to 2015
Out of these associations between a potential exposure (risk factor) and an outcome (health condition or disease), identify the one that is most likely to be causal based on the "strength" of the association. Assume that you no nothing else about the factors and/or the outcomes. Please note: the values of some associations are hypothetical/imaginary, the associations are plausible a. A number of chemicals in tobacco products have been shown to induce cancers in laboratory settings b. Men employed in occupations requiring them to sweep chimneys with tars and/or mineral oils have been shown to have 200 times risk of dying from scrotal cancer compared with men not engaged in such occupations. c. Those who regularly engage in moderate to high intensity physical activity are half as likely to suffer a premature cardiac event compared with those who do not exercise at all. d. Adults who frequently experience inadequate and/or poor quality sleep at night are…
A researcher is conducting an experiment testing whether a new pharmaceutical drug is able to effectively treat heartburn and has a physician assisting with the study involving volunteers who experience chronic heartburn. Which of the following descriptions most closely describes the control used in this study? Show answer choices The researcher has organized the patients into 4 groups, where patients either take 1 dose of the drug, 2 doses of the drug, 1 dose of the placebo, or 2 doses of the placebo. The physician asks patients to rate their heartburn discomfort on a scale from 1-10 every 5 minutes up to an hour. The physician and patients both do not know if they are receiving the actual drug or a placebo. The placebo pill contains just compressed sugar and no active drug. Patients are randomly selected and placed into the four categories.
A population has been exposed to dieldrin (CSF = 30 (mg.kg-¹.day-1)-1). US EPA states that the cancer risk of 10-4 is the maximum acceptable level. a) Determine the maximum safe exposure dose of dieldrin. b) If someone has been exposed to a dose of 2 x 10-6 mg.kg-1.day-1. Comment the acceptability and express your results as 1 in how many people could get cancer.
Construct an appropriate graph of the data using Excel.
Many of the most common causes of death are preventable through modification of which of the following? Question 36 options: a) Weight (obesity), water (less sugar sweetened beverages), and walking (increase) b) Drinks (alcohol consumption), dreams (sleep patterns) and drama (stress) c) Feet (physical activity), forks (eating patterns), and fingers (smoking) d) Activity (increase), aging (decrease) and adequacy (nutritional intake
1) Use the information in Table 1 to describe how Hispanic Americans compare to non-Hispanic White Americans with respect to diabetes prevalence. 2)From Table 2, which Hispanic origin group is in the worst position with respect to diabetes prevalence? Name only one group. 3)Describe the information about diabetes among Hispanic Americans presented in Table 2. In your response, please discuss one reason for the observed differences. 4)Using the additional information in Table 2, describe how Hispanic Americans compare to non-Hispanic White Americans with respect to diabetes prevalence.
AIDS is a well-known infectious disease, but respiratory and diarrheal diseases claim far more lives every year than AIDS. According to the figure, how many times more lives were lost to respiratory infections and diarrheal diseases than to AIDS?
What best describes a risk factor? a. cause of a disease or condition from teh onset to resoultion b. Probability or likehood that a disease or illness will occur ina group of people who presently do not have the problem c. Primary measurement used to describe either the occurence or the existence of a specific state of health or illness d. Characteristic or event that has been shown to increase the probability that a specific diseae or illness will develop
Studies have shown that there are significant differences in cancer rates among different ethnic groups. For example, the Japanese have very high rates of colon cancer but very low rates of breast cancer. It has also been demonstrated that when members of low-risk ethnic groups move to high-risk areas, their cancer risks rise to those of the high-risk area. For example, Japanese who live in the United States, where the risk of breast cancer is high, have higher rates of breast cancer than do Japanese who live in Japan. What are some of the possible explanations for this phenomenon? What factors may explain why the Japanese have higher rates of colon cancer than do other ethnic groups?
What do you think about the longitudinal NIH-funded Bogalusa Heart Study, created by cardiologist Gerald Bevenson in 1972? This study is following 16,000 who started in childhood and are now adults (40 years thus far). Researchers have looked at several things, on those living, as well as performing autopsies on 560 of these individuals who died since then (of accidental death or otherwise). 20% of autopsied children had plaques (fat deposits) in their coronary arteries, making this the first study of its kind to establish heart disease can exist in children, and those who were obese as children were likely to remain so in adulthood, as opposed to only 7% becoming obese who were not so in childhood.
You are running a clinical trial for a new vaccine that is being developed to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) in adults aged 35 to 70 years old. 153 people sign up for the eight week long study. Group 1 consisted of 77 people who were given a placebo, while Group 2 consisted of 76 people who were given the new vaccine. After 8 weeks, 146 participants returned to have their blood pressure measured, 74 people from Group 1 and 72 people from Group 2. The additional 7 people did not return for various reasons. The systolic blood pressure results were as follows: Group 1 mean: 155 mmHg Group 2 mean: 129 mmHg Group 1 standard deviation: 9.89 Group 2 standard deviation: 17.48 The data was used to create two bee swarm box plots, where the whiskers indicate the highest and lowest data points. What information can you gather from these graphs? The minimum value of the control group is approximately 90 mmHg. The inner quartile range (IQR) of the control group is approximately 16.…