In 2019, a study of the adverse effects of x-rays on subsequent cancer among children was done using records from several large children’s hospitals from 1990 to 1995. 10,000 children were selected as a representative population of children seen at the hospitals during that time. Participants were classified according to whether or not they received an x-ray during their stay in the hospital and were followed from their hospital stay through 2019 for cancer development. During the follow-up period, 49 incident cancers occurred in 3,263 children who had received an x-ray, and 47 incident cancers occurred in the 6,737 children who had not received an x-ray during their hospitalization. What type of study design is this? Prospective cohort study Case-control study Cross-sectional study Retrospective cohort study

In 2019, a study of the adverse effects of x-rays on subsequent cancer among children was done using records from several large children’s hospitals from 1990 to 1995. 10,000 children were selected as a representative population of children seen at the hospitals during that time. Participants were classified according to whether or not they received an x-ray during their stay in the hospital and were followed from their hospital stay through 2019 for cancer development. During the follow-up period, 49 incident cancers occurred in 3,263 children who had received an x-ray, and 47 incident cancers occurred in the 6,737 children who had not received an x-ray during their hospitalization. What type of study design is this? Prospective cohort study Case-control study Cross-sectional study Retrospective cohort study

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1. Following are several further results that you get from your cancer research. For each result, list the type of array or type of experiment that could have been used to do the study. a. Tissue biopsies were taken from cancer patients. Normal cells were found to have CD81 antigen on their cell surface but stage 4 cancer cells are lacking the antigen; confirming the microarray results. b. Out of thousands of possible therapeutic agents (drugs) that were screened, seven were found to bind to Annexin I. c. In pancreatic cancer there are gains in chromosomes 1q, 2, 3, 5, 7p and losses in 1p, 3p, 6, and 9p.
22 A study was conducted to see how people respond to medical statistics. Each subject was given the following descriptions of three screening tests for cancer. If you have this test every 2 years, it will reduce your chance of dying from cancer A by around one third over the next 10 years. Test A: Test B: If you have this test every 2 years, it will reduce your chance of dying from cancer B from around 3 in 1,000 to around 2 in 1,000 over the next 10 years. Test C: If around 1,000 people have this test every 2 years, 1 person will be saved from dying from cancer C every 10 years. a. One of these describes the number needed to treat cancer (see Extensions Task 21). Which one? b. One describes the absolute risk reduction. Which one? SUBTRACT c. One describes the relative risk. Which one? X Greater
please use information from the book The link is attached. The chapter begins on page 14 and ends on page 41 What are key concepts and ideas from Chapter 1 "The Other Cancer Ward"? The pdf is below, the book is called "Livingston Book, Improvising Medicine: An African Oncology Ward in an Emerging Cancer Epidemic. " Link of the pdf https://www.dukeupress.edu/Assets/PubMaterials/978-0-8223-5342-3_601.pdf I attached a screenshot of the first page of the chapter the rest of the chapter is on this link below https://www.dukeupress.edu/Assets/PubMaterials/978-0-8223-5342-3_601.pdf
Since we do not know the exact cause of cancer and different causes of cancer, write 5 statements (numbered) for 5 recommendations that may help cancer survivors live longer with the least chance of remission. You may use the NOVA knowledge you gained in this module. You may expand your search.
Every year, about a million Americans are diagnosed with cancer. This means that about 75 million Americans now living will eventually have cancer, And one in five will die of the disease. There are many kinds of cancers and many causes, such as smoking, overexposure to ultraviolet rays, a high fat and low fiber diet, and some workplace chemicals. Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent each year on searching for treatment, yet less money is spent on prevention. Should we devote more resources to treating cancer or to preventing it? Explain.
Determine the key cancer program inputs or resources
What are key concepts and ideas from Chapter 1 "The Other Cancer Ward"? The pdf is below, the book is called "Livingston Book, Improvising Medicine: An African Oncology Ward in an Emerging Cancer Epidemic. " Link of the pdf https://www.dukeupress.edu/Assets/PubMaterials/978-0-8223-5342-3_601.pdf Provide quotes word by word from the pdf, provide correct information. no more information is needed the book includes the chapter "the other cancer ward"
Examine the following graph from the Romansik et al. (2007) study. How can the mitotic index be used as a predictor of survivability for mast cell cancer? Use your own words and be detailed in your explanation, citing evidence from the data shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2
Researchers were interested in the association between having a splenectomy and developing pancreatic cancer. In 2017, the researchers used medical records data from a hospital that was collected between 2000 to 2010. They identified 2,200 patients who had undergone splenectomy surgery between 2000 and 2010 and 33,000 patients who attended the hospital but did not have that form of surgery during that same period; all of the participants were cancer-free during that time. Researchers used the medical records data beginning in 2010 to follow the participants for development of cancer between 2010 and 2016 and calculated person-time at risk. The study found that 78 participants who had splenectomy surgery later developed cancer and contributed 62,175 person-years of follow up. In the non-surgery group, 12 cases of cancer occurred and they contributed 156,932 person-years of follow up. What is the source population for this study? Researchers were interested in the association…