In a case-control study researchers investigated whether there was anassociation between living near a high-hazard dump site versus alow-hazard dump site and risk of having a low birth weight child.The study found that in a group of women living near a high-hazarddump site while pregnant there were 181 low birth weight childrenand 4268 normal birth weight children. Corresponding numbers forwomen living near a low-hazard dump site were 126 and 4236,respectively.a. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses.b. Estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Interpret theresult and say what the interval tells us about statistical significance.20.

Statistical Inference: Statistical inference is the process of drawing inferences about a population…

Answered: In a case-control study researchers…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A study used DNA analysis of parents to determine if the unborn child is likely to have cystic fibrosis. Based on this study, the risk assessment is shown in the following table: Father Father Father Untested Tested Positive Tested Negative Mother Untested Unknown 1 in 100 1 in 16,500 Mother Tested Positive 1 in 100 1 in 4 1 in 660 Mother Tested Negative 1 in 16,500 1 in 660 1 in 106,000 If both parents tested positive, what is the probability of the child developing cystic fibrosis? If both parents tested negative, what is the probability of the child developing cystic fibrosis? If the mother tested negative, and the father tested positive, what is the probability of the child developing cystic fibrosis?
Consider that in a retrospective cohort study involving job type and heart disease among railroad workers, the following data was obtained. Note that job type was used as a surrogate marker for physical activity. Clerks have a sedentary job whereas track workers have a physically demanding job. Heart Disease Job type yes no Clerk 50 500 Tracks worker 22 390 What is the measure of association
A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately 1 2 mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers. MaleDriver FemaleDriver 1.4 -0.2 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 3 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.5 (a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use ?males − ?females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.) t = df =…
A scientific study was conducted to determine the hours of sleep that college students get per night. The study surveyed 24 college students and obtained the following data: 8.2, 7.9, 9, 8, 9.1, 7.8, 8.4, 8.4, 7.3, 7.4, 8.5, 7.4, 7.9, 7.7, 9.7, 9.1, 7.1, 7.9, 7.8, 8.1, 8.3, 8.2, 6.5, 10.3 Assuming the population standard deviation is o = average hours of sleep per night that college students get. 1.01, construct a 97% confidence interval for the Ζα Margin of Error: E We are 97% confident that college students get an average of between hours and hours of sleep per night.
Many freeways have service (or logo) signs that give information on attractions, camping, lodging, food, and gas services prior to off-ramps. These signs typically do not provide information on distances. An article reported that in one investigation, six sites along interstate highways where service signs are posted were selected. For each site, crash data was obtained for a three-year period before distance information was added to the service signs and for a one-year period afterward. The number of crashes per year before and after the sign changes were as follows. Before: 14 29 62 123 64 62 After: 15 27 41 84 76 71 (a) The article included the statement "A paired t test was performed to determine whether there was any change in the mean number of crashes before and after the addition of distance information on the signs." Carry out such a test. [Note: The relevant normal probability plot shows a substantial linear pattern.] State and test the appropriate hypotheses. (Use a = 0.05.)…
A survey across generations of workers gathered data on engagement at work. The results for a sample of 1,000 workers are in the accompanying contingency table. At the 0.10 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant relationship between generation and level of engagement in the workplace? Millennials. Gen Xers. Baby Boomers. Traditionalists Total Engaged 97 111 93 14 315 Not Engaged 191 166 133 11 501 Actively Disengaged 60 64 51 9 184 Total 348 341 277 34 1000…
Suppose an observational study is said to be a case-control study. Which of the following is true? (1 answer) A.) The study observes facts from the present, or over a very short period of time. B.)The study attempts to control different levels of a variable, called factors, comparing results to a control group. C.) The study observes facts from the past, or accesses previous records. D.) The study observes characteristics of individuals over a long period of time, perhaps not concluding until many years from now.
Alcohol abuse has been described by college presidents as the number one problem on campus, and it is an important cause of death in young adults. How common is it? A survey of 10,904 randomly selected U.S. college students collected information on drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems. The researchers defined “frequent binge drinking” as having five or more drinks in a row three or more times in the past two weeks. According to this definition, 2486 students were classified as frequent binge drinkers. Construct and interpret a 99% confidence interval for the proportion of students who are classified as binge drinkers. (Use the four-step process.) What would you include in "State" from the 4-step process?
The General Social Survey is an annual survey given to a random selection of about 1500 adults in the United States. Among the many questions asked are "What is the highest level of education you've completed?" and "If you're employed full-time, how many hours do you spend working at your job during a typical week?" We're interested in examining whether or not there are differences in the typical work week length based on the level of education of the worker. We perform a one-way, independent-samples ANOVA test, with the "groups" in the ANOVA being categories of highest educational degree of the worker ("less than high school," "bachelor's degree," etc.) and the variable being the number of hours written down by the worker in answering the survey question. (a) Suppose that the results of our ANOVA are given in the ANOVA table below. Complete the missing cell of the ANOVA table (rounding your answer to two decimal places). Source of Degrees of,Sum of variation Between freedom squares…
he Computer Anxiety Rating Scale (CARS) measures an individual’s level of computer anxiety, on a scale from 20 (no anxiety) to 100 (highest level of anxiety). Researchers at Miami University administered CARS to 172 business students. One of the objectives of the study was to determine whether there are differences in the amount of computer anxiety experienced by students with different majors. They found the following: Major n Mean Marketing 19 44.37 Management 11 43.18 Other 14 42.21 Finance 45 41.80 Accountancy 36 37.56 MIS 47 32.21 (A) Complte the following ANOVA table: Source of Variation SS df MS F-ratio F-crit Between groups 3172 5 634.4 4.9567 2.2685 Within groups 21246 166 127.988 Total 24418 171 (A) At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the mean computer anxiety…
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A certain company will purchase the house of any employee who is transferred out of state and will handle all details of reselling the house. The purchase price is based on two assessments, one assessor being chosen by the employee and one by the company. Based on the sample of eight assessments shown, do the two assessors agree? Use the .05 level of significance. Assessments of Eight Homes ($ thousands) Assessed by Home 1 Home 2 Home 3 Home 4 Home 5 Home 6 Home 7 Home 8 Company 320 347 456 277 294 281 540 749 Employee 310 347 480 287 310 295 560 775 Click here for the Excel Data File (a) Choose the appropriate hypotheses. Assume d = company assessed value – employee assessed value. multiple choice 1 H0: μd = 0 versus H1: μd ≠ 0. H0: μd ≠ 0 versus H1: μd = 0. (b) State the decision rule for .05 level of significance. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places. A negative value should be indicated by a minus sign.) Reject the null hypothesis if tcalc < or…

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