import time def raiseIndexError(): raise IndexError def raiseZeroDivisionErrorWithMessage (message:str): raise ZeroDivisionError(message) def raiseThisException (exception): raise exception def catchAndReturnMessage (message: str, main_function: callable) →> str: try: main_function() except Exception as e: return str(e) else: return message def catchCleanupAndThrow(main_supplier:callable, index_supplier:callable, zero_supplier:callable, cleanup:callable) -> str: try: result = main_supplier() except IndexError: result = index_supplier() except ZeroDivisionError: result = zero_supplier() finally: cleanup() return result class Timer: definit__(self, time_out:int): self.time_out = time_out self.start_time = None self.end_time None def get_total_time(self): if self.end_time == None: return -1 return self.end_time- self.start_time def_enter_(self): self.start_time = int(round(time.time() * 1000)) return self def_exit_(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback): self.end_time time.time() if self.get_total_time() > self.time_out: raise TimeoutError

Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
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### Error Notification

#### Error: AssertionError

**Description:**
The error indicates that there is an issue with a Timer context manager. The expectation was for the Timer to trigger a TimeoutError, as the function's execution time exceeded the designated time-out limit.

**Details:**
- The function reportedly took approximately 943 milliseconds to execute.
- The specified timeout duration was 487 milliseconds.

### Traceback Information

**Traceback (most recent call last):**

- **File Path:** `/var/gt_test_envs/7hDNGjWK9CdSx3ak/wrk/homeworkTest.py`
- **Line Number:** 192
- **Function:** `test_Timer`

**Code Snippet:**
```python
self.assertFalse(timed_out, 'The Timer context manager failed to raised a TimeoutError even though the function completed after the time-out limit. The code appoximatly took %s ms to exicute and the timeout time was %s ms.'%(sleep, time_out))
```

**Error Message:**
```plaintext
AssertionError: True is not false : The Timer context manager failed to raised a TimeoutError even though the function completed after the time-out limit. The code appoximatly took 943 ms to exicute and the timeout time was 487 ms.
```

### Interpretation

This error highlights a discrepancy between expected and actual behavior of the Timer context manager in the script. The test case was designed to verify that if a function overruns its allocated time, a TimeoutError should occur. However, in this instance, despite the function exceeding the time limit, no error was raised, triggering an AssertionError. The issue likely lies within the Timer implementation.
Transcribed Image Text:### Error Notification #### Error: AssertionError **Description:** The error indicates that there is an issue with a Timer context manager. The expectation was for the Timer to trigger a TimeoutError, as the function's execution time exceeded the designated time-out limit. **Details:** - The function reportedly took approximately 943 milliseconds to execute. - The specified timeout duration was 487 milliseconds. ### Traceback Information **Traceback (most recent call last):** - **File Path:** `/var/gt_test_envs/7hDNGjWK9CdSx3ak/wrk/homeworkTest.py` - **Line Number:** 192 - **Function:** `test_Timer` **Code Snippet:** ```python self.assertFalse(timed_out, 'The Timer context manager failed to raised a TimeoutError even though the function completed after the time-out limit. The code appoximatly took %s ms to exicute and the timeout time was %s ms.'%(sleep, time_out)) ``` **Error Message:** ```plaintext AssertionError: True is not false : The Timer context manager failed to raised a TimeoutError even though the function completed after the time-out limit. The code appoximatly took 943 ms to exicute and the timeout time was 487 ms. ``` ### Interpretation This error highlights a discrepancy between expected and actual behavior of the Timer context manager in the script. The test case was designed to verify that if a function overruns its allocated time, a TimeoutError should occur. However, in this instance, despite the function exceeding the time limit, no error was raised, triggering an AssertionError. The issue likely lies within the Timer implementation.
The image displays Python code related to exception handling and a timer class. Below is the transcription and explanation of the code:

### Code Explanation

1. **Import Statement**
   ```python
   import time
   ```
   - This imports the `time` module to handle time-related tasks.

2. **Function Definitions**
   
   - **`raiseIndexError` Function**
     ```python
     def raiseIndexError():
         raise IndexError
     ```
     - Raises an `IndexError` exception.

   - **`raiseZeroDivisionErrorWithMessage` Function**
     ```python
     def raiseZeroDivisionErrorWithMessage(message: str):
         raise ZeroDivisionError(message)
     ```
     - Raises a `ZeroDivisionError` with a custom message.

   - **`raiseThisException` Function**
     ```python
     def raiseThisException(exception):
         raise exception
     ```
     - Raises a generic exception passed as a parameter.

   - **`catchAndReturnMessage` Function**
     ```python
     def catchAndReturnMessage(message: str, main_function: callable) -> str:
         try:
             main_function()
         except Exception as e:
             return str(e)
         else:
             return message
     ```
     - Attempts to call `main_function`. If an exception is raised, it returns the exception message; otherwise, it returns a supplied message.

   - **`catchCleanupAndThrow` Function**
     ```python
     def catchCleanupAndThrow(main_supplier: callable, index_supplier: callable, zero_supplier: callable, cleanup: callable) -> str:
         try:
             result = main_supplier()
         except IndexError:
             result = index_supplier()
         except ZeroDivisionError:
             result = zero_supplier()
         finally:
             cleanup()
         return result
     ```
     - Calls the `main_supplier` function and handles `IndexError` and `ZeroDivisionError` by calling alternative supplier functions. The `cleanup` function is always executed via `finally`.

3. **`Timer` Class**

   - **Constructor (`__init__` Method)**
     ```python
     class Timer:
         def __init__(self, time_out: int):
             self.time_out = time_out
             self.start_time = None
             self.end_time = None
     ```
     - Initializes a timer with a specified timeout duration.

   - **`get_total_time` Method**
     ```python
     def get
Transcribed Image Text:The image displays Python code related to exception handling and a timer class. Below is the transcription and explanation of the code: ### Code Explanation 1. **Import Statement** ```python import time ``` - This imports the `time` module to handle time-related tasks. 2. **Function Definitions** - **`raiseIndexError` Function** ```python def raiseIndexError(): raise IndexError ``` - Raises an `IndexError` exception. - **`raiseZeroDivisionErrorWithMessage` Function** ```python def raiseZeroDivisionErrorWithMessage(message: str): raise ZeroDivisionError(message) ``` - Raises a `ZeroDivisionError` with a custom message. - **`raiseThisException` Function** ```python def raiseThisException(exception): raise exception ``` - Raises a generic exception passed as a parameter. - **`catchAndReturnMessage` Function** ```python def catchAndReturnMessage(message: str, main_function: callable) -> str: try: main_function() except Exception as e: return str(e) else: return message ``` - Attempts to call `main_function`. If an exception is raised, it returns the exception message; otherwise, it returns a supplied message. - **`catchCleanupAndThrow` Function** ```python def catchCleanupAndThrow(main_supplier: callable, index_supplier: callable, zero_supplier: callable, cleanup: callable) -> str: try: result = main_supplier() except IndexError: result = index_supplier() except ZeroDivisionError: result = zero_supplier() finally: cleanup() return result ``` - Calls the `main_supplier` function and handles `IndexError` and `ZeroDivisionError` by calling alternative supplier functions. The `cleanup` function is always executed via `finally`. 3. **`Timer` Class** - **Constructor (`__init__` Method)** ```python class Timer: def __init__(self, time_out: int): self.time_out = time_out self.start_time = None self.end_time = None ``` - Initializes a timer with a specified timeout duration. - **`get_total_time` Method** ```python def get
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