Imagine a population in which the survival of A1A1 homozygotes is 80 percent as great as that of A1A2 heterozygotes, while the survival of A2A2 homozygotes is 95 percent that of the heterozygotes. What is p, the frequency of the A2 allele, at equilibrium? Now suppose the population has reached this equilibrium, but that the environment then changes so that the relative fitnesses of A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 become 1.0, 0.95, and 0.90. What will p be in the adults after one generation of selection in the new environment?

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.