Multiple answers are accepted for this question Please save all answers. Questions that you save can still be edit) You have 1 UNSAVED ANSWER -SAVE ALL ANSWERSQuestion 31Which of the following statements are True?O Multiple answers: Multiple answers are accepted for this questionSelect one or more answers and submit. For keyboard navigation... SHOW MORE VIf [1-14C] Ribose-5-phosphate is incubated with a mixture of purifiedtransketolase- transaldolase-phosphopentose isomerase-aphosphopentose epimerase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate will be labeled in the 1 and 3 positions.Starting with Glucose 6-phosphate labelled in carbon number 1 withradioactive carbon and taken through the oxidative phase of thePentose Phosphate Pathway and the first transaldolase reaction givesbrise to a 7-carbon intermediate labeled with radioactive carbon incarbon number 1.Avidin is a protein that binds extremely tight to biotin. So avidinwould be a potent inhibitor of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase.The two electrons derived from the a-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenasedcomplex come from dihydrolipoic acid.In Fatty Acid synthesis carbon atoms 15 and 16 of Palmitic acid areedonated by Acetyl-CoA.Although HCO- is required for fatty acid synthesis its carbon atom Please save all answers. Questions that you save can still be eYou have 1 UNSAVED ANSWER-SAVE ALL ANSWERSStarting with Glucose 6-phosphate labelled in carbon number 1 withradioactive carbon and taken through the oxidative phase of thePentose Phosphate Pathway and the first transaldolase reaction givesrise to a 7-carbon intermediate labeled with radioactive carbon incarbon number 1.Avidin is a protein that binds extremely tight to biotin. So avidinwould be a potent inhibitor of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase.The two electrons derived from the a-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenasedcomplex come from dihydrolipoic acid.In Fatty Acid synthesis carbon atoms 15 and 16 of Palmitic acid areedonated by Acetyl-CoA.Although HCO3- is required for fatty acid synthesis its carbon atomdoes not appear in the product.A mutation in the ATP-Citrate Lyase would result in decreased Citrate inthe cytosol.In fatty acid synthesis, 14 of the 16 carbons of palmitate come frommalonyl-CoA.iAnimals cannot convert fatty acids into glucose.

a. The statement is true. Pentose phosphate pathway is also called hexose monophosphate shunt that generates NADPH and pentoses. It occurs in two phases called oxidative phase and non-oxidative phase. In the first oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway, glucose is oxidized to generate 2 molecules of NADPH. This step is essentially irreversible and the committing step, as the reactions are strongly exergonic. The initial metabolite of the pentose phosphate pathway is glucose-6-phosphate, 2 NADPt, and H20. The oxidative phase starts with dehydrogenation at the C1 atom of glucose-6-phosphate, a reaction catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). The reaction product is 6 phosphogluconolactone. Conversely, NADPt is reduced to NADPH during this process. In the second reaction, 6-phosphogluconolactone is hydrolyzed to 6-phosphogluconate by a specific enzyme called lactonase. In the third reaction, the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate by gluconate-6-phosphate dehydrogenase yields 3-keto-6-phosphogluconate, which is converted to ribulose-5-phosphate, a substrate for non-oxidative reactions, and NADPH. This second, non-oxidative phase is reversible and reductive. It yields pentoses used in the synthesis of nucleotides and catalyzes the interconversion of 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7-carbon sugars.This, in turn, may result in intermediates, which, for example, may enter glycolysis. Hence the statement is true. b. The statement is true. Starting with glucose 6 phosphate labelled in carbon number 1 with radioactive carbon and taken through the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway and transaldolase reaction give rise to an intermediate labelled with radioactive carbon in carbon number 1. A futile cycle between fructose-6-P and fructose 1,6-diphosphate amounting to -70% of the forward carbon flux occurs throughout the incubation. The operation of this futile cycle is the only path for incorporation of label from [6-14C]glucose into carbon 1 of the glucose moiety of glycogen; measurement of the amount of label so incorporated match. Hence the statement is true. C. The statement is true. Avidin is a protein that binds extremely tight to biotin.So avidin would be a potent inhibitor of acetyl CoA carboxylase. Avidin protein binds biotin extremely efficiently. Strong competitive inhibitor with respect to acetyl CoA. Avidin is a potent inhibitor of the formation of the biotin-enzyme complex. Hence the statement is true. d. The statement is false. Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (a-KGDH) is a Krebs cycle enzyme, which catalyses the non equilibrium reaction converting a-ketoglutarate,coenzyme A and NAD+ to succinyl-CoA, NADH and CO2, requiring thiamine pyrophosphate as a cofactor. a-KGDH is not simply one of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle. In the reaction catalysed by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (Eg), FAD accepts two electrons from the reduced lipoic acid, leaving the side chain in a disulfide form. The reduced FADH2 is regenerated by transferring two electrons from FADH 2 to NAD.Hence the statement is false. e. The statement is true. Only acetyl CoA used directly, not in the form of malonyl CoA, provides the two carbon atoms at the very end of the fatty acid chain. Because palmitic acid is a C16 fatty acid. Acetyl CoA will have provided carbons 15 and 16. Hence the statementis true. f. The statement is true. Although HC03 is required for fatty acid synthesis its carbon atoms does not appear in the product. In the biosynthesis, all of the carbon atoms of a fatty acid are derived from acetyl CoA, that transfers its acetyl group to the thiol group of a protein-bound acyl carrier protein (ACP). Hence the statement is true. g. The statement is true. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a cytosolic enzyme that converts mitochondrially derived citrate into acetyl-COA and oxaloacetate, thereby defining the first step in the cellular fatty acid synthesis pathway. ATPCL mutants exhibit decreased levels of Acetyl CoA. Hence the statement is true. h. The statement is true. Malonyl-COA is a key intermediary metabolite in fatty acid synthesis. In de novo fatty acid synthesis, malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) is the substrate that provides the primary carbon source for the formation of palmitate (C16) catalyzed by fatty acid synthase(FASN). C15 and C16 are derived directly from acetylCoA. Hence the statement is true. i. The statement is true. Fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids cannot be used to synthesize glucose. The transition reaction is a one-way reaction, meaning that acetyl-CoA cannot be converted back to pyruvate. As a result, fatty acids can't be used to synthesize glucose, because beta-oxidation produces acetyl-CoA. Hence the statement is true.

Science

Biochemistry

If [1-14C] Ribose-5-phosphate is incubated with a mixture of purified transketolase- transaldolase-phosphopentose isomerase- phosphopentose epimerase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose- 6-phosphate will be labeled in the 1 and 3 positions.

If [1-14C] Ribose-5-phosphate is incubated with a mixture of purified transketolase- transaldolase-phosphopentose isomerase- phosphopentose epimerase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose- 6-phosphate will be labeled in the 1 and 3 positions.

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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