identify the rocks while using the map to fill out the chart
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
Related questions
Question
identify the rocks while using the map to fill out the chart
Transcribed Image Text:The image displays a collection of 18 rock samples organized in a tray with each compartment containing a different rock, labeled with a small, numbered sticker. The layout is in three rows, each containing six rocks.
1. **Row 1 (Left to Right)**:
- Sample 1: Gray and white speckled rock.
- Sample 2: Dark, flat rock with a shiny surface.
- Sample 3: Light, coarse-grained rock.
- Sample 4: Dark, jagged rock with a smooth edge.
- Sample 5: Coarse-grained, gray rock with speckles.
- Sample 6: Gray rock with mottled textures.
2. **Row 2 (Left to Right)**:
- Sample 7: Multi-colored rock with white and black areas.
- Sample 8: Light brown, flat rock with a fine texture.
- Sample 9: Dark, coarse-grained rock.
- Sample 10: Marbled dark rock with white inclusions.
- Sample 11: Smooth, dark rock with visible layering.
- Sample 12: Flat, gray rock with minimal patterning.
3. **Row 3 (Left to Right)**:
- Sample 13: Light rock with a rough texture and visible grains.
- Sample 14: Brown rock with a reddish tint and uneven surface.
- Sample 15: Dark, smooth rock with minimal texture variations.
- Sample 16: Light yellowish rock with a coarse texture.
- Sample 17: Black, shiny rock with a reflective surface.
- Sample 18: Dark, flat rock with a matte finish.
These rocks may be used for educational purposes, allowing students to learn about different types of rocks, their textures, and formations.
Transcribed Image Text:The image contains a mineralogical and rock classification chart for educational purposes.
### Diagram Explanation
The upper half of the image displays a ternary diagram used to classify igneous rocks based on mineralogical composition and color index (CI).
- **Color Index (CI)** is represented as a percentage of mafic minerals, increasing from left (Felsic/Light) to right (Ultramafic).
- **Mineralogical Composition** is marked on the vertical axis as a percentage of the total volume of minerals.
The diagram further divides into:
- **Felsic Minerals** (light-colored): Includes Quartz, Muscovite, and Potassium Feldspar (K-Spar).
- **Intermediate Minerals**: Includes Plagioclase Feldspar.
- **Mafic Minerals** (dark-colored): Includes Biotite, Amphibole, Pyroxene, and Olivine.
### Identification Chart
The lower half shows a table with rock names categorized by origin, texture, and composition:
- **Origin**: Divided into Intrusive and Extrusive rocks.
- **Texture**: Ranges from Pegmatitic (very coarse-grained) to Aphanitic (fine-grained), with additional categories for glassy and vesicular textures.
- **Rock Names**:
- **Intrusive**:
- Pegmatitic: Granite-Pegmatite, Diorite-Pegmatite, Gabbro-Pegmatite
- Phaneritic: Granite, Diorite, Gabbro, Peridotite
- Porphyritic: Porphyritic Rhyolite or Granite, Porphyritic Andesite or Diorite, Porphyritic Basalt or Gabbro
- **Extrusive**:
- Aphanitic: Rhyolite, Andesite, Basalt
- Glassy: Obsidian
- Vesicular: Pumice, Scoria
- Pyroclastic: Volcanic Tuff, Volcanic Breccia
### Bottom Section
A table is included for noting rock sample characteristics:
- **Columns**: Sample #, Texture, Composition, Type of Magma, Minerals Present, and Rock Name
- **Rows**: Numbered from 1 to 15 for input.
This chart assists in identifying and classifying various igneous rocks based on their mineral content and textural characteristics.
Expert Solution
Step 1: Introduction
Rocks are aggregates of minerals. Minerals are solid, inorganic substances having a definite chemical composition and chemical structure.
A mineral must be
- A solid
- having definite chemical composition
- Atomic structure
- Crystalline in nature
- Inorganic in nature
Ice is a mineral and water is not as water is a liquid.
All mineral must be crystalline in nature. Obsidia is not crystalline hence it is not a mineral.
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Follow-up Questions
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Follow-up Question
identify the rocks while using the map to fill out the chart from #11to #15
Transcribed Image Text:Complete the identification charts found on the next page using the chart below.
Color Index (CI):
% of mafic minerals
Mineralogical
Composition
as Percent
of Volume
Origin
INTRUSIVE
X English (United States)
EXTRUSIVE
100-
80
60-
0
40-
20
Texture
Pegmatitic:
very
coarse-grained
Phaneritic:
coarse-grained
Porphyritic
Aphanitic:
fine-grained
1
Glassy
Vesicular
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Pyroclastic or
Fragmental
Sample #
Muscovite
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Felsic (Light)
Quartz
Potassium
Feldspar
(K-Spar)
GRANITE-PEGMATITE
GRANITE
(SYENITE, if no quartz)
PORPHYRITIC
RHYOLITE or GRANITE
RHYOLITE
Texture
Intermediate
Biotite
Plagioclase
Feldspar
Rock Names
FELSIC (Normally Light-Colored) MINERALS
DIORITE-PEGMATITE
DIORITE
PORPHYRITIC
ANDESITE or DIORITE
ANDESITE
OBSIDIAN
PUMICE (like meringue)
VOLCANIC TUFF (fragments s2 mm)
MAFIC (Ferromagnesian, Normally Dark-Colored) MINERALS
Composition
40
Mafic (Dark)
Focus
Amphibole
Pyroxene
GABBRO-PEGMATITE
Type of Magma
GABBRO
PORPHYRITIC
BASALT or GABBRO
VOLCANIC BRECCIA (fragments >2 mm)
BASALT
SCORIA
(VESICULAR BASALT)
85
E
Minerals Present
Ultramafic
100
Olivine
PERIDOTITE
Rarely
encountered
Rock Name
Focus H Po
Transcribed Image Text:1
13
14
15
16
10
17
12
18
Solution
by Bartleby ExpertFollow-up Question
identify the rocks while using the map to fill out the chart from #6 to #15
Transcribed Image Text:Title: Identification of Igneous Rocks
### Identifying Igneous Rocks – Instructional Chart
**Instructions:**
Complete the identification charts found on the next page using the chart below.
**Color Index (CI):**
- Represents the percentage of mafic minerals.
- Scale ranges from 0% (Felsic/Light) to 100% (Ultramafic/Dark).
#### Graph Explanation:
The graph illustrates the relationship between mineral composition and the color index of igneous rocks. It is divided into two main categories: Felsic (light-colored minerals) and Mafic (dark-colored minerals), with an intermediate zone between them.
- **Mineralogical Composition as Percent of Volume:**
- Felsic minerals include Quartz, Potassium Feldspar (K-Spar), and Muscovite.
- Intermediate minerals feature Plagioclase Feldspar.
- Mafic minerals encompass Biotite, Amphibole, Pyroxene, and Olivine.
**Rock Types:**
- **Felsic Rocks:** Low on the mafic color index, high silica content.
- **Intermediate Rocks:** Moderate mafic color index, balanced silica content.
- **Mafic Rocks:** High mafic color index, low silica content.
- **Ultramafic Rocks:** Very high mafic color index, very low silica content.
#### Table of Rock Names Based on Origin and Texture:
**Texture Classifications:**
- **Intrusive (Coarse-Grained):**
- **Pegmatitic:** Very coarse-grained rocks like GRANITE-PEGMATITE, DIORITE-PEGMATITE, GABBRO-PEGMATITE
- **Phaneritic:** Coarse-grained textures exemplified by GRANITE, DIORITE, GABBRO, PERIDOTITE
- **Porphyritic:** Contains large crystals embedded in finer-grained matrix, exemplified by PORPHYRITIC RHYOLITE/GRANITE, ANDESITE/DIORITE, BASALT/GABBRO
- **Extrusive (Fine-Grained):**
- **Aphanitic:** Fine-grained texture like RHYOLITE, ANDESITE, BASALT
- **Glassy:** No crystals, represented by OBSIDIAN
- **Vesicular:** Contains vesicles; examples include PUMICE and SCORIA (VESICULAR BASALT)
-
Transcribed Image Text:This is an image of a rock sample collection, displayed in a compartmentalized tray. Each compartment contains a distinct rock specimen, numbered for identification.
### Row 1:
- **Sample 1:** Light-colored rock with a speckled texture.
- **Sample 2:** Dark, possibly metamorphic rock with a smooth surface.
- **Sample 3:** Pale rock with a subtle, grainy appearance.
- **Sample 4:** Dark rock with a rougher texture and some irregular edges.
- **Sample 5 & 6:** Grayish rocks with a pattern that suggests igneous or metamorphic origins.
### Row 2:
- **Sample 7:** Medium gray rock with some darker spots.
- **Sample 8:** Slightly lighter rock, smooth, with a consistent texture.
- **Sample 9:** Darker, coarse-grained rock suggesting a different mineral composition.
- **Sample 10:** Dark black, glossy rock with possible volcanic origin.
- **Sample 11 & 12:** Dark rocks with either a fine-grained texture or smooth finish.
### Row 3:
- **Sample 13:** Speckled rock with a rough texture, possibly sedimentary.
- **Sample 14:** Orange-brown in hue with a complex texture indicating possible mineral inclusions.
- **Sample 15:** Dark rock with a smooth texture and uniform appearance.
- **Sample 16:** Light-toned rock, rough texture with some shine.
- **Sample 17:** Glossy, dark rock, appears dense and smooth.
- **Sample 18:** Extremely dark and smooth rock with flat surfaces.
This collection appears to represent a range of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, useful for educational purposes in geology for understanding different rock types and their properties.
Solution
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