I. Objective: To gain practical skills in the chemistry laboratory such as measuring volumes using graduated cylinders, using volumetric pipets, measuring pH values, and weighing solids using an analytical balance. In addition, some simple reactions will be performed.
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Write the Objectives IN YOUR OWN WORDS:
The volume of a liquid sample can be measured by suitable apparatus such as graduated cylinders, pipette, burette. The determination of the volume of a liquid is highly important since its ratio with the mass of the liquid is used to calculate the density.
Mathematically, the density of the liquid substance is furnished as follows.
Besides measurement of the volume of the liquid sample is used to dilute the sample from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.
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