i Within the context of pricing for international markets, explain briefly what is meant by price escalation, and list the factors that contribute to price escalation.)
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i Within the context of pricing for international markets, explain briefly what is
meant by
(ii) (Name the different approaches to reducing price escalation.)
iii (What are the main factors that drive international pricing policy?
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- 1. Suppose market demand for gasoline is given by QD = 60-2P where QD is quantity demanded and P is the market price. Market supply is given by Qs = 4P where Qs is quantity supplied and P is the market price. (a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity in this market. (b) What is the consumer surplus and producer surplus? (c) Suppose that the government imposes a $3 tax on the good, to be included in the posted price (i.e. tax paid by suppliers). What is new equilibrium posted price? How much of that price do producers keep? What is the new market equilibrium quantity? What is the change in surplus for consumers? What is the change in surplus for producers?5. Agricultural export subsidies in a small nation The following graph shows the market for wheat in Canada, where Dc is the demand curve, Sc is the supply curve, and Pw is the free trade price of wheat. Assume that Canada is a relatively small producer of wheat, so changes in its output do not affect the world price of wheat. Also assume that Canada is currently open to free trade, and domestic consumers are able to purchase wheat at the world price with negligible transportation costs. Suppose a subsidy of $80 per ton is granted to exporters in Canada, allowing them to sell their products abroad at prices below their costs. Assume that trade restrictions are also put in place in order to prevent domestic consumers from buying wheat abroad at the world price. Use the grey line (star symbols) to indicate the world price of wheat plus the subsidy on the following graph. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the price of wheat in Canada and the quantity demanded at that…13. Application Problem Use the table to find the (a) Linear Supply equation: P = mx + b (b) Linear Demand equation: P = mx + b Prof herbert (c) The equilibrium point. This is the point where the two lines meet. Supply In millions Demand in millions Year Price $ per unit 2002 2003 340 270 2,22 370 250 | 2.72 Hint to finding solution (a) Find the slopes for demand and supply using the point (x,p) given in the table (b) Use point slope equation substituting the slope obtained and one point (x,p) to obtain the requires demand and supply equations respectively. (c) Graph the two equations, The point (x,p) the two lines meet is the equilibrium point meaning when Demand = Supply. (x,p) 14. Modeling problem Medgar Evers College bookstore sells a custom printed T-Shirt. The cost function is given as C(x) = 250 + 4.50x. (a) What is the slope in the cost function (b) Interpret the meaning of the slope in the context of this problem.
- 7. What would happen to world welfare if the United States paid exporters a subsidy of $5 for every pair of blue jeans they sold to Canada, but Canada charged a $5 countervailing duty on every pair imported into Canada? Would the United States gain from the combi- nation of the export subsidy and import tariff? Would Canada? Explain. (In your answer, assume that the blue jeans market is perfectly competitive.) 8. Consider the case3. A fruit is traded in a competitive world market, and the world price is $10 per pound. The consumer quantity in this price is 100 million tonnes. One year later, overall fruit prices increase to $15 and total consumer level fall to 90 million tonnes. Under this circumstance, what is the price elasticity of demand fruit?5. Elasticity of labor supply is defined as: Percentage change in quantity of labor supplied Percentage change in wage rate Assume that in Illinois 1,000,000 hours of labor are supplied at the current minimum wage. Then the minimum wage rises 20%, from $8.25/hr. to $9.90/hr. How many more hours of labor will workers be willing to supply at the new minimum wage if elasticity of labor supply is 0,55?
- 0₁ 1 tern allia (6) Consider two countries: Fineland and Sineland, producing two goods: mobiles and iPods, under perfectly competitive market conditions. Fineland exports mobiles and imports iPods. Sineland exports iPods and import mobiles. Assuming well-behaved offer curves for both the countries, illustrate with help of a neatly labeled diagram, as to what would happen if there is sudden fall in the supply of iPods by Sineland? (6 g pang(Don't copy the answer)The current conflict in Ukraine has prompted talk of a possible embargo on gas produced in Russia. Using diagrams, explain the likely effect that such an embargo would have on a) the market price for gas. b) the price charged to consumers by an energy company who purchases gas in the open market and provides it to UK consumers, focusing on the case where the energy market in UK is perfectly competitive. How will consumer and producer surplus be affected? c) the price charged to consumers by a monopoly energy company who purchases gas in the open market and provides it to UK consumers (hence, focusing on the case where the energy market in UK is composed of a single firm). d) Some commentators have proposed that the UK government should charge a per-unit tax to energy companies and redistribute the tax income to the British public to offset some of the negative effects of the current energy shock. What do you think would be the effect of this scheme in the case of…5. Agricultural export subsidies in a small nation The following graph shows the market for wheat in Canada, where Dc is the demand curve, Sc is the supply curve, and Pw is the free trade price of wheat. Assume that Canada is a relatively small producer of wheat, so changes in its output do not affect the world price of wheat. Also assume that Canada is currently open to free trade, and domestic consumers are able to purchase wheat at the world price with negligible transportation costs. Suppose a subsidy of $80 per ton is granted to exporters in Canada, allowing them to sell their products abroad at prices below their costs. Assume that trade restrictions are also put in place in order to prevent domestic consumers from buying wheat abroad at the world price. Use the grey line (star symbols) to indicate the world price of wheat plus the subsidy on the following graph. Then use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the price of wheat in Canada and the quantity demanded at that…
- 4. U.S. agricultural farmers are excited since the government announced an increase in subsidies even though the substitutes for agricultural goods that are imported have increased in demand; therefore, please illustrate by constructing a supply and demand graph, the direction in which the curves will shift and state the new equilibrium price and quantity; for example, state whether price and quantity increased, decreased, or are indeterminate. Please explain your rationale based on the determinants of demand and supply.4. Which of the following is true of equilibrium in a purely (or perfectly) competitive market for good X? (A) A shortage of good X exists. (B) The quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied of good X. (C) A surplus of good X exists. (D) The government regulates the quantity of good X produced at the market price. (E) Dead weight loss exists.Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure
