Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Chemistry
I need help with 4 and 5? Also I need help using the 4a equation using the the generic equation the thing I circled in the second picture

I need help with 4 and 5? Also I need help using the 4a equation using the the generic equation the thing I circled in the second picture

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question

I need help with 4 and 5? Also I need help using the 4a equation using the the generic equation the thing I circled in the second picture 

## Lab 7: Periodic Trends – Prelab and Procedure ### Figure 1: Qualitative Energy Changes in the Dissolution Process of NaCl The diagram illustrates the energy changes in the dissolution process of sodium chloride (NaCl). It involves three steps: 1. **Lattice Energy:** - Transition from solid NaCl to gaseous ions: \( \text{NaCl (s)} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(g)} \) 2. **Hydration Energy of Anion:** - Hydration of chloride ions: \( \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(aq)} \) 3. **Hydration Energy of Cation:** - Hydration of sodium ions: \( \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ \text{(aq)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(aq)} \) **Explanation of Energy Concepts:** - **Ionic Solubility:** Solubility is influenced by the balance of lattice energy and hydration energy. A negative or slightly positive sum of these energies typically favors dissolution due to random molecular motion. - **Charge Density:** This affects hydration energy. Higher charge density leads to greater hydration energy. The goal is to observe trends in alkaline earth cations’ precipitation with anions. ### Part B – Reactivity of Halogens (Group VIIA) In this part, the focus is on trends in diatomic halogen reactivity (Cl\(_2\), Br\(_2\), I\(_2\)). The experiment involves halogen-halide ion reactions in a series of tests: **Reaction Setup:** - A molecular halogen \( X_2 \) may take an electron from a halide ion \( Y^- \). If successful, the following reaction occurs: \[ X_2 \text{(aq)} + 2 Y^- \text{(aq)} \rightarrow Y_2 \text{(aq)} + 2 X^- \text{(aq)} \
Transcribed Image Text:## Lab 7: Periodic Trends – Prelab and Procedure ### Figure 1: Qualitative Energy Changes in the Dissolution Process of NaCl The diagram illustrates the energy changes in the dissolution process of sodium chloride (NaCl). It involves three steps: 1. **Lattice Energy:** - Transition from solid NaCl to gaseous ions: \( \text{NaCl (s)} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(g)} \) 2. **Hydration Energy of Anion:** - Hydration of chloride ions: \( \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(aq)} \) 3. **Hydration Energy of Cation:** - Hydration of sodium ions: \( \text{Na}^+ \text{(g)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ \text{(aq)} + \text{Cl}^- \text{(aq)} \) **Explanation of Energy Concepts:** - **Ionic Solubility:** Solubility is influenced by the balance of lattice energy and hydration energy. A negative or slightly positive sum of these energies typically favors dissolution due to random molecular motion. - **Charge Density:** This affects hydration energy. Higher charge density leads to greater hydration energy. The goal is to observe trends in alkaline earth cations’ precipitation with anions. ### Part B – Reactivity of Halogens (Group VIIA) In this part, the focus is on trends in diatomic halogen reactivity (Cl\(_2\), Br\(_2\), I\(_2\)). The experiment involves halogen-halide ion reactions in a series of tests: **Reaction Setup:** - A molecular halogen \( X_2 \) may take an electron from a halide ion \( Y^- \). If successful, the following reaction occurs: \[ X_2 \text{(aq)} + 2 Y^- \text{(aq)} \rightarrow Y_2 \text{(aq)} + 2 X^- \text{(aq)} \
1) Rank the alkali metal cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺, and Cs⁺) from smallest to largest ionic radius. 2) Consider the charges and atomic radii of each alkali metal. Then rank the alkali metal cations from lowest to highest charge density (i.e., charge per atomic volume). 3) Based on your answers to 1 and 2 above, predict which alkali metal cation exhibits the greatest hydration energy. 4) a) Write the equation for the reaction that would occur between aqueous bromide ion (Br⁻) and aqueous chlorine (Cl₂). (Hint: See generic equation in the Introduction.) b) If this reaction occurs, which halogen (Cl or Br) has a greater ability to attract electrons? 5) a) Write the equation for the reaction that would occur between aqueous chloride ion (Cl⁻) and aqueous bromine (Br₂). b) Can both of the reactions in questions 4a and 5a be favorable (as in, will they occur?) under the same conditions? Answer either YES or NO.
Transcribed Image Text:1) Rank the alkali metal cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺, and Cs⁺) from smallest to largest ionic radius. 2) Consider the charges and atomic radii of each alkali metal. Then rank the alkali metal cations from lowest to highest charge density (i.e., charge per atomic volume). 3) Based on your answers to 1 and 2 above, predict which alkali metal cation exhibits the greatest hydration energy. 4) a) Write the equation for the reaction that would occur between aqueous bromide ion (Br⁻) and aqueous chlorine (Cl₂). (Hint: See generic equation in the Introduction.) b) If this reaction occurs, which halogen (Cl or Br) has a greater ability to attract electrons? 5) a) Write the equation for the reaction that would occur between aqueous chloride ion (Cl⁻) and aqueous bromine (Br₂). b) Can both of the reactions in questions 4a and 5a be favorable (as in, will they occur?) under the same conditions? Answer either YES or NO.
Expert Solution
steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Chemical Equilibrium
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS