Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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I have to figure out van't Hoff factor from the following information. I tried 1.0 and 2.0 but it says I am wrong.
![**Graph 1: Analysis of Freezing Point Depression**
The graph presented is a linear plot illustrating the relationship between the molality of a solution and its freezing point depression. The x-axis represents the molality of the solution (m), while the y-axis indicates the freezing point depression in degrees Celsius (°C).
**Key Elements of the Graph:**
1. **Data Points:** Several red data points are plotted, connected by a blue line indicating the trend. Each point represents an experimental measurement of freezing point depression at a specific molality.
2. **Linear Regression:** A line of best fit has been applied to the data points, showing a linear relationship. The equation of this line is given as:
\[
\text{y} = 1.86\text{x}
\]
This equation suggests that for every 1 molal increase in solute concentration, the freezing point depression increases by 1.86°C.
3. **Graph Scale:** The molality axis is labeled from 0 to approximately 0.7, and the freezing point depression axis ranges from 0 to slightly over 1°C.
This graph effectively demonstrates the colligative property of freezing point depression, where the presence of a solute affects the freezing point of a solvent. The direct proportionality depicted by the linear regression indicates that this phenomenon follows Raoult's law.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fb0ffec19-af41-4c50-af1b-66e883fc2bb8%2F90e9dd77-317a-4408-8ae2-fc15a67e9670%2Fl3gwgea_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Graph 1: Analysis of Freezing Point Depression**
The graph presented is a linear plot illustrating the relationship between the molality of a solution and its freezing point depression. The x-axis represents the molality of the solution (m), while the y-axis indicates the freezing point depression in degrees Celsius (°C).
**Key Elements of the Graph:**
1. **Data Points:** Several red data points are plotted, connected by a blue line indicating the trend. Each point represents an experimental measurement of freezing point depression at a specific molality.
2. **Linear Regression:** A line of best fit has been applied to the data points, showing a linear relationship. The equation of this line is given as:
\[
\text{y} = 1.86\text{x}
\]
This equation suggests that for every 1 molal increase in solute concentration, the freezing point depression increases by 1.86°C.
3. **Graph Scale:** The molality axis is labeled from 0 to approximately 0.7, and the freezing point depression axis ranges from 0 to slightly over 1°C.
This graph effectively demonstrates the colligative property of freezing point depression, where the presence of a solute affects the freezing point of a solvent. The direct proportionality depicted by the linear regression indicates that this phenomenon follows Raoult's law.
Transcribed Image Text:**Lab Data Table**
| Measurement | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Trial 3 |
|------------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
| Mass of calorimeter + solution + ice (g) | 110.84 | 115.87 | 116.86 |
| Freezing-point of solution (°C) | -0.19 | -0.41 | -0.60 |
| Mass of calorimeter + ice after decanting (g) | 39.88 | 30.37 | 31.62 |
| Mass of ice added (g) | 44.33 | 46.18 | 45.01 |
| Mass of ice remaining after decanting (g) | 22.66 | 12.92 | 14.29 |
| Mass of melted ice (g) | 21.67 | 33.26 | 30.72 |
| Mass of water in final solution (g) | 68.99 | 81.44 | 79.83 |
| Mass of water in final solution (kg) | 0.06899 | 0.08144 | 0.07983 |
| Molality of solution (m) | 0.158 | 0.276 | 0.376 |
| Freezing-point depression (°C) | 0.29 | 0.51 | 0.70 |
**Note:** Each left column represents a specific experimental measurement or calculation, while the right columns display the results from three separate trials. The table also includes a link to an instructional guide for calculating the van't Hoff factor.
Expert Solution
Step 1
The depression in the freezing of a solvent when a non volatile solute is added is expressed as
Depression in freezing point=
molality X vanthoff factor
= m i
where,
m is the molality of the solution and
i is the van't Hoff factor (the number of particles produced when a solute dissolves)
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