Hypothesis: Upon ionization, an atom becomes a positive cation, which interacts and bonds with a negative anion to form an ionic bond. What is a good conclusion/ending for the reading below. Summarize the evidence in the reading below to support the hypothesis above. Connect everything back to the hypothesis and scientific question in the reading. The research and experimentation conducted in this lab help answer the scientific question, “Why are compounds composed of integer ratios of elements?” A supplied text and the ionic bonding and the ion model simulation were used to collect data to answer the scientific question. The virtual ionic bonding lab also helped to gather information about the ionic compound and also provides an application of them in day-to-day life. Furthermore, the information gathered within this lab aids in figuring out if the hypothesis was accurate, “If an atom ionizes to become a positive cation, then it will interact and bond with a negative anion to form an ionic bond.” The respective cations and anions for a specific ionic compound are identified with the help of the name of that compound as the first word of its name is always a cation and the word that ends the suffix '-ide' is an anion. The number of electrons gained or lost the most common uses of some ionic compounds, and their respective cations and anions. Also, the ratio between the two atoms of a compound is found. The virtual labs help to collect information about the uses of chemical compounds and identify their names. For example, the virtual lab tells that sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed by the bond between Na+ cation and Cl- anion. The common use is that it is used as a table salt. From this information, it can be concluded that sodium has lost its one electron, and chlorine has gained that electron to form an ionic bond between them. Similarly, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is formed by Na+ and OH- ion and the common application are that it is used in the formation of soap. The data provided by a virtual lab can be used to cross-check the given information for any compound and they can be used to test the hypothesis. **Scientific Question:**Why are compounds composed of integer ratios of elements?---On page three, paragraph one reads, “As the prefix, poly means many and atomic is related to atoms. An ion with more than one atom is a polyatomic ion. This differentiates polyatomic ions from monatomic ions, which contain only one atom.” A polyatomic ion is a group of covalently bonded atoms, with the total number of protons not equal to the total number of electrons. Atoms become ions when they gain or lose electrons, resulting in a net charge. On page one, paragraph two it says, “The Octet rule describes the tendency of atoms to prefer valence shells with eight electrons. Atoms react and tend to create more stable compounds since they have fewer electrons. When discussing the octet rule, d or f electrons are not considered.” According to the octet rule, atoms typically have eight electrons in their valence shell. Elements in the S block and P block follow the Octet rule. On page two, paragraph one, “To draw a Lewis Structure, start with the atomic symbol in the middle, then put dots around the symbol until all of the valence electrons are represented.” The Lewis dot structure is used to represent the valence electrons of an atom. On page one, paragraph three states, “One of the three types of bonds is an ionic bond which is a bond between a metal atom and a nonmetal atom.” Metals generally lose electrons from their outer shell. Nonmetals gain electrons to fulfill a stable octet.The research and experimentation conducted in this lab help answer the scientific question, “Why are compounds composed of integer ratios of elements?” A supplied text and the Ionic bonding and the ion model simulation were used to collect data to answer the scientific question. The virtual ionic bonding lab also helped to gather information about the ionic compound and also provides an application of them in day-to-day life. Furthermore, the information gathered within this lab aids in figuring out if the hypothesis was accurate, “if an atom ionizes to become a positive cation, then it will interact and bond with a negative anion to form an ionic bond.” The respective cations and anions for a specific ionic compound are identified. With the help of the name of that compound as the first word of its name is always a cation and the word that ends the suffix “ide” is an anion. The number of electrons gained or lost the most A covalent compound has only covalent bonds that are formed by sharing of electrons. A covalent bond is formed when the two atoms bonded are both non-metals. Ionic compounds are made up of ions. An ionic bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal. Furthermore, ions can be positively charged (cation) or negatively charged (anion).On page two paragraph one it states, “Each dot in a Lewis Structure represents a valence electron, and each atom is denoted with its atomic symbol.” The maximum number of electrons that could be on one side of a Lewis Structure is two, and the maximum number of electrons around an element symbol is eight. If an ion has only one type of atom, it can be referred to as a monatomic ion. On the other hand, if an ion has two or more atoms carrying a net charge, it can be referred to as a polyatomic ion.Now, any atom that does not have a completely filled octet shell either gains or loses its valence electrons to achieve the stable configuration. Cations are formed when a metal lost its valence electrons and thus carries a positive charge. Anions are formed by non-metals on gaining extra electrons to complete their octet and hence carry a negative charge.On page two paragraph two it states, “The overall charge for the ionic compound must be neutral.” Thus, the ions combine in such a way that the charge carried by the cation is balanced by the charge carried by the anions. For example: In the case of Na+ and O2-, the 2-charge carried by the oxygen atom is balanced by 2 Sodium ions (1 sodium ion has +1 charge) and hence the ionic compound formed is Na2O. Thus, the integer ratio is the number of atoms that are needed to balance the charges of the ions and to make the compound neutral.

An atom loses or gains electrons to attain stable noble gas configuration. A cation is formed when a…

Hypothesis: Upon ionization, an atom becomes a positive cation, which interacts and bonds with a negative anion to form an ionic bond. What is a good conclusion/ending for the reading below. Summarize the evidence in the reading below to support the hypothesis above. Connect everything back to the hypothesis and scientific question in the reading. The research and experimentation conducted in this lab help answer the scientific question, “Why are compounds composed of integer ratios of elements?” A supplied text and the ionic bonding and the ion model simulation were used to collect data to answer the scientific question. The virtual ionic bonding lab also helped to gather information about the ionic compound and also provides an application of them in day-to-day life. Furthermore, the information gathered within this lab aids in figuring out if the hypothesis was accurate, “If an atom ionizes to become a positive cation, then it will interact and bond with a negative anion to form an ionic bond.” The respective cations and anions for a specific ionic compound are identified with the help of the name of that compound as the first word of its name is always a cation and the word that ends the suffix '-ide' is an anion. The number of electrons gained or lost the most common uses of some ionic compounds, and their respective cations and anions. Also, the ratio between the two atoms of a compound is found. The virtual labs help to collect information about the uses of chemical compounds and identify their names. For example, the virtual lab tells that sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed by the bond between Na+ cation and Cl- anion. The common use is that it is used as a table salt. From this information, it can be concluded that sodium has lost its one electron, and chlorine has gained that electron to form an ionic bond between them. Similarly, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is formed by Na+ and OH- ion and the common application are that it is used in the formation of soap. The data provided by a virtual lab can be used to cross-check the given information for any compound and they can be used to test the hypothesis.