Huntington disease is a neurodegenerative disease that appears in affected people late in life. It is a dominant trait controlled by a single gene and the dominant Huntington allele is rare. Suppose that Joe is diagnosed with Huntington disease. He is surprised because both of his parents are over 70 years old but do not have the disease. He talks to his parents about this and finds out that there is no history of Huntington disease on his father’s side, but his maternal grandfather and one of his mother’s aunts, who had both died before he was born, had suffered from Huntington disease. a. Does this story represent variable expressivity, or incomplete penetrance? b. Deduce, as much as you can, the genotypes of Joe, his mother, his father, and his maternal grandfather .

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