Humans have 46 pairs of chromosomes while chimpanzees have 48 pairs. It is proposed that the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees had 48 chromosomes. Fusion of two ancestral chromosome led to the formation of chromosome 2 in human. Propose a mechanism for how 46 chromosomes would have been propagated in humans, considering sexual reproduction as the means of reproduction.

Q: Chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans all have 48 chromosomes, whereas humans have 46. Human…

A: When a part of a chromosome breaks off and gets translocated to another chromosome, leading to…

Q: Bacteria populations display genetic variation such as antibiotic resistance due to mutation. Which…

A: Bacteria reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission. In this process, a parent…

Q: Mutant naploid strain Mate T al a Diploid a (rows) Growth on minimal medium? No Yes Same…

A: Haploid and diploidsAn organism is said to be haploid when it consists of a single copy of a…

Q: Explain the term homogametes.

A: Gametes or sex cells are the haploid reproductive cells, which fuse during fertilization to form the…

Q: What terms can be used to describe a fruit fly that has a total of 7 chromosomes because it is…

A: Chromosomes are the condensed form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) along with histone proteins. These…

Q: In C. elegans there are two sexes: hermaphrodite and male. Sex is determined by the ratio of X…

A: Loss-of-function tra-1 or tra-2 alleles cause male development in XX individuals, suggesting that…

Q: An organism has three copies of every chromosome. Some of the chromosomes are from one species, and…

A: Polyploidy is the condition in which a normally diploid cell or organism acquired one or more…

Q: Person A has a mutation in a chromosome in a liver cell, while person B has a mutation in a…

A: Mutation refers to sudden heritable change in the phenotype of an individual. In the molecular term,…

Q: What is one statement that would support the theory that all organisms are related? A) The genetic…

A: In addition to being degenerate, the genetic code is also called to as 'unambiguous,' implying so…

Q: What terms can be used to describe a fruit fly that has a total of 7 chromosomes because it is…

A: Drosophila melanogaster It is a fruit fly.

Q: Pick the statement about chromosome structure that is FALSE.     Gene duplications provide an…

A: Chromosomes are long DNA molecule which carries the genetic information of an organism. They are…

Q: Discuss the origin of the 23 chromosome pairs in a diploidhuman cell.

A: Chromosomes are composed of DNA molecules and proteins and are located inside the nucleus. These…

Q: In mice, the Sry gene is located on the Y chromosome very close to one of the pseudoautosomal…

A: The chromosomes are the genetic material present in the nucleus of the cell which is a condensed…

Q: describe   Rapid chromosomal evolution in mice on the island of Madeira.

A: Step 1 The origin of species due to chromosome speciation is connected with the phenomenon of…

Q: You discover a species in which most individuals display a diploid number of 28. However, you alsa…

A: Haploid is the condition in which a cell has a single set of chromosomes.  Triploid is the condition…

Q: Give explanation  X and Y chromosomes are not homologs, but in meiosis they do pair and segregate…

A: During meiosis, the process of pairing and segregating chromosomes is essential for the formation of…

Q: In eukaryotic species, sexual reproduction is the producer of genetic diversity. Describe three…

A: In eukaryotes, sexual reproduction is the process in which new recombinations are produced. These…

Q: The continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA.  Relate the structure…

A: Continuity of life refers to the persistence of life forms as an organism gives to young ones…

Q: 1)Ganarles contain one kind of each chromosome because the homologous chromosomes separate during…

A: Homologous chromosomes are the chromosomes having two pieces of DNA in a diploid organism which have…

Q: As pointed out in the section Evolution of the Y Chromosome, some researchers have predicted that…

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: Consult Figure 1, which shows a human karyotype with chromosomes arranged in order of decreasing…

A: Eukaryotes usually have their genetic material packed and condensed into chromosomes and stored…

Q: Suppose genetic analysis reveals a serious mutation in a gene in the green region of the left-hand…

A: Chromosomes are filamentous bodies present in the nucleus. They have the ability of self-replication…

Q: How many chromosomes of the A, B, and D genomes are present in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)?…

A: Each genomes A,B and D have 7 pairs of chromosomes which means a total of 42 chromosomes for bread…

Q: The mutations called bobbed in Drosophila result from variable reductions (deletions) in the number…

A: Mutations known as bobbed results from varied deletions in the number of amplified rRNA coding…

Q: meiosis is needed (instead of mitosis) for sexual reproduction

A: Answer:During sexual reproduction, meiosis generates genetic variation in offspring because the…

Q: Suppose that you found a species S. ambivala that is closely related to S. latifolia, such that they…

A: Sex determination in plants: females are denoted by XX males are denoted by XY The structure of Y…

Q: A research scientist is studying diseases associated with homologous chromosomes and notices that…

A: Homologous chromosomes are the two pieces of DNA within a diploid individual that carry same genes…

Q: An adult mosquito has six chromosomes in each somatic cell. It mates with another adult to…

A: The minimized construction liable for pressing hereditary material by folding it over a protein…

Q: Eukaryotic chromosomes a. have only histones b. have DNA and RNA c. have DNA, RNA, and protein d.…

A: There are different macromolecules present in the body. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic…

Q: Propose a hypothesis that could explain the following observation. A graduate student performing…

A: The mutation which affects wings style is indeed Recessive in inheritance.

Q: In animals there are many aneuploidies in sex chromosomes that have relatively mild phenotypes.…

A: Aneuploidy of autosomes is not tolerable and usually lethal because of the fact that embryos have…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.