Which of the following will tend to lose genes over evolutionary time due to sex chromosomedegeneration?X chromosome in mammalsW chromosome in birdsY chromosome in mammalsO Z chromosome in birds

In mammals there are two sex chromosomes. One is X and other is Y. In birds, the two sex chromosomes…

Which of the following will tend to lose genes over evolutionary time due to sex chromosome degeneration? O X chromosome in mammals O w chromosome in birds O Ychromosome in mammals O Zchromosome in birds

Which of the following will tend to lose genes over evolutionary time due to sex chromosome degeneration? O X chromosome in mammals O w chromosome in birds O Ychromosome in mammals O Zchromosome in birds

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter12: Meiosis And Sexual Reproduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CT: Different populations of the tiny freshwater snails pictured in FIGURE 12.1 reproduce sexually, or...

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Figure 18.14 Which is most likely to survive, offspring with 2n+l chromosomes or offspring with 2n-l chromosomes?
Alleles are ___________. a. alternate forms of a gene b. different molecular forms of a chromosome c. always homozygous d. always heterozygous
Figure 1.7 Decide if each of the following is an example of inductive or deductive reasoning. All flying birds and insects have wings. Birds and insects flap their wings as they move through the air. Therefore, wings enable flight. Insects generally survive mild winters better than harsh ones. Therefore, insect pests will become more problematic if global temperatures increase. Chromosomes, the carriers of DNAr separate into daughter cells during cell division. Therefore, each daughter cell will have the same chromosome set as the mother cell. Animals as diverse as humans, insects, and wolves all exhibit social behavior. Therefore, social behavior must have an evolutionary advantage.
DNA _______. a. guides form b. is the basis of traits c. is transmitted from and function parents to offspring d. all of the above
Adams maternal and paternal chromosomes have alternate forms of a gene that influences whether a person is right-handed or left-handed. One form says right and its partner says left. Visualize one of Adams spermatogonia, in which chromosomes are being duplicated prior to meiosis. Visualize what happens to the chromosomes during anaphase I and II. (It might help to use toothpicks as models of the sister chromatids of each chromosome.) What fraction of Adam's sperm will carry the gene for right-handedness? For left-handedness?
Which of the following statements is not true in comparing mitosis and meiosis? a. Twice the number of cells are produced in meiosis as in mitosis. b. Meiosis is involved in the production of gametes, unlike mitosis. c. Crossing over occurs in meiosis I but not in meiosis II or mitosis. d. Meiosis and mitosis both produce cells that are genetically identical. e. In both mitosis and meiosis, the parental cell is diploid.
Provide two reasons why meiosis leads to genetic variation in diploid organisms.
Figure 13.6 Which of the following statements about nondisjunction is true? Nondisjunction only results in gametes with n+1 or n-1 chromosomes. Nondisjunction occurring during meiosis II results in 50 percent normal gametes. Nondisjunction during meiosis I results in 50 percent normal gametes. Nondisjunction always results in four different kinds of gametes.
BPA and Abnormal Meiosis In 1998, researchers at Case Western University were studying meiosis in mouse oocytes (germ cells) when they saw an unexpected and dramatic increase of abnormal events (FIGURE 12.6). Improper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis is one of the main causes or human genetic disorders. The spike in abnormal meiosis began right after the mouse facility started washing the animals' plastic cages and water bottles in a new, alkaline detergent. The detergent had damaged the plastic, which as a result was leaching bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is a synthetic chemical that mimics estrogen, the main female sex hormone in animals. Though it has since been banned for use in baby bottles, BPA is still widely used to manufacture other plastic items and epoxies (such as the coating on the inside of metal cans of food). BPA-free plastics are often manufactured with a related compound, bisphenol S (BPS), that has effects similar to BPA. FIGURE 12.6 Abnormalities in meiosis that occurred after exposure to BPA. Top, the most abnormal meiosis events occurred in mice that were housed in damaged plastic caging with damaged plastic bottles. Damaged plastic releases BPA. Bottom, fluorescent micrographs show the chromosomes (red) and spindle (green) in nuclei of mouse germ cells in metaphase I. A Normal metaphase; BD abnormal metaphase. What percentage of mouse oocytes displayed abnormalities of meiosis with no exposure to damaged caging?
Meiosis ________. a. occurs only in germ cells of animals b. supports growth and tissue repair in multicelled species c. gives rise to genetic diversity among offspring d. is part of the life cycle of all cells.
More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Think about this one carefully. Albinism and hair color are governed by different genes. A recessively inherited form of albinism causes affected individuals to lack pigment in their skin, hair, and eyes. In hair color, red hair is inherited as a recessive trait and brown hair is inherited as a dominant trait relative to red hair. An albino woman whose parents both have red hair has two children with a man who is normally pigmented and has brown hair. The brown-haired partner has one parent who has red hair. The first child is normally pigmented and has brown hair. The second child is albino. a. What is the hair color (phenotype) of the albino parent? b. What is the genotype of the albino parent for hair color? c. What is the genotype of the brown-haired parent with respect to hair color? Skin pigmentation? d. What is the genotype of the first child with respect to hair color and skin pigmentation? e. What are the possible genotypes of the second child for hair color? What is the phenotype of the second child for hair color? Can you explain this?
BPA and Abnormal Meiosis In 1998, researchers at Case Western University were studying meiosis in mouse oocytes (germ cells) when they saw an unexpected and dramatic increase of abnormal events (FIGURE 12.6). Improper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis is one of the main causes or human genetic disorders. The spike in abnormal meiosis began right after the mouse facility started washing the animals' plastic cages and water bottles in a new, alkaline detergent. The detergent had damaged the plastic, which as a result was leaching bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is a synthetic chemical that mimics estrogen, the main female sex hormone in animals. Though it has since been banned for use in baby bottles, BPA is still widely used to manufacture other plastic items and epoxies (such as the coating on the inside of metal cans of food). BPA-free plastics are often manufactured with a related compound, bisphenol S (BPS), that has effects similar to BPA. FIGURE 12.6 Abnormalities in meiosis that occurred after exposure to BPA. Top, the most abnormal meiosis events occurred in mice that were housed in damaged plastic caging with damaged plastic bottles. Damaged plastic releases BPA. Bottom, fluorescent micrographs show the chromosomes (red) and spindle (green) in nuclei of mouse germ cells in metaphase I. A Normal metaphase; BD abnormal metaphase. Which group of mice had the most meiotic abnormalities in their oocytes?