How would the calculated value of pKa of the unknown acid be affected (higher, lower,  or no change) if the following errors occurred? Briefly explain why in each case. The pH meter was incorrectly calibrated to read lower than the actual pH. During the titration several drops of NaOH missed the reaction beaker and fell onto the bench top. In part B of the procedure the acid was dissolved in 75 mL of distilled water rather than the 50 mL called for in the procedure.

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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How would the calculated value of pKa of the unknown acid be affected (higher, lower,  or no change) if the following errors occurred? Briefly explain why in each case.

  1. The pH meter was incorrectly calibrated to read lower than the actual pH.
  2. During the titration several drops of NaOH missed the reaction beaker and fell onto the bench top.
  3. In part B of the procedure the acid was dissolved in 75 mL of distilled water rather than the 50 mL called for in the procedure.
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