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How did the cessation of crossing-over contribute to the disparity between the X and Y chromosomes?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter6: Cytogenetics: Karyotypes And Chromosome Aberrations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16QP: Assume that a meiotic-nondisjunction event causes trisomy 8 in a newborn. If two of the three copies...

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what event takes place during meiosis prophase (as opposed to mitosis prophase) that makes it possible for crossing-over to occur?
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Human sex chromosomes are XX for females and XY for males. a. With respect to an X-linked gene, how many different types of gametes can a male produce? b. If a female is homozygous for an X-linked allele, how many different types of gametes can she produce with respect to this allele? c. If a female is heterozygous for an X-linked allele, how many different types of gametes can she produce with respect to this allele?
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Normally you cant inherit both copies of a homologous chromosome from the same parent. Why? Assuming that no crossing over has occurred, how likely is it that one of your non-sex chromosomes is an exact copy of the same chromosome your maternal grandmother had? Explain your answer.
Given the karyotype shown at right, is this a male or a female? Normal or abnormal? What would the phenotype of this individual be?
If an organism has 15 pairs of homologous chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after telophase of mitosis? In this same organism, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after telophase II of meiosis?
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Red–green color blindness is a human X-linked recessive disorder. A young man with a 47,XXY karyotype (Klinefelter syndrome) is color blind. His 46,XY brother is also color blind. Both parents have normal color vision. Where did the nondisjunction that gave rise to the young man with Klinefelter syndrome take place? Assume that no crossing over took place in prophase I of meiosis.
Is chromosome 22 hereditary?
A diploid organism has five pairs of chromosomes in each somatic cell. Assuming that no crossing over occurs, how many genetically distinct gametes can this organism produce?