Genetic Variation
Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.
how combinations of variants (rather than individual variants considered one at a time) can contribute to specific traits.
Genetic variation refers to the measure of the variation that exists in the genetic makeup of individuals within population. The particular combination of alleles for a gene within an individual organism is known as the genotype of the organism, and the physical trait associated with that genotype is known as the phenotype of the organism.
Genetic variation may occur as a result of:
- mutation.
- random mating between organisms.
- random fertilization.
- crossing over (or recombination) between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
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