Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
How can we examine the large specialized eukaryotic structures called polytene ?
Polytene chromosomes were observed by CG Balbiani in 1881 in the salivary glands of Drosophila. The Polytene chromosome is a type of giant chromosome mainly found in dipterans(flies with two wings). Another type of giant chromosome is the lampbrush chromosome. These chromosomes are also observed and plants and humans are mainly responsible for the disease progression. The polytene chromosomes are observed in secretory cells of the organs.
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