Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
![### Organic Chemistry Reaction Predictions
**4. Complete the reactions below by providing the predicted products. Where a reaction is not feasible, write "no product."**
1. **Grignard Reaction:**
**Reactants:**
- C3H7MgBr (Propylmagnesium bromide)
- Formaldehyde (O)
- Followed by hydrolysis with H3O+/H2O
**Reaction Description:**
Grignard reagents react with formaldehyde to form primary alcohols after hydrolysis.
\[
\text{C3H7MgBr + CH2O} \overset{\text{THF}}{\rightarrow} \longrightarrow \overset{\text{H3O+/H2O}}{\rightarrow} \text{C4H9OH}
\]
2. **Oxidation Reaction:**
**Reactants:**
- Isobutanol (C4H10O)
- Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)
**Reaction Description:**
PCC oxidizes primary alcohols to aldehydes.
**Product:**
- Isobutanal (C4H8O)
\[
\text{C4H10O} \overset{\text{PCC}}{\rightarrow} \text{C4H8O}
\]
3. **Grignard Formation:**
**Reactants:**
- Bromoethane (C2H5Br)
- Magnesium (Mg)
- Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
**Reaction Description:**
Bromoethane reacts with magnesium in THF to form ethylmagnesium bromide.
**Product:**
- C2H5MgBr
\[
\text{C2H5Br + Mg} \overset{\text{THF}}{\rightarrow} \text{C2H5MgBr}
\]
4. **Reduction Reaction:**
**Reactants:**
- Butanoic acid (C4H8O2)
- Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4)
- Followed by hydrolysis with H3O+
**Reaction Description:**
LiAlH4 reduces carboxylic acids to primary alcohols after hydrolysis.
**Products:**
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