HO(c) (1 pt) Both of the following are hydride donors. Circle the harder nucleophileof-P-Cu-HНH-AI-HHINIHН(d) (4 pts) The following reaction involves two steps. Draw the anionic intermediate thatforms after sodium hydride reacts and the final organic product.Hints: what type of nucleophile is NaH and where does that mean it will react? Also, thesecond step is not a proton transfer. What's the most likely reaction for that intermediateto undergo?NaHanionic intermediatefinal product

Final Answer:Anionic Intermediate:O −-CH2-CH 2-CH=CH-CH 2-IFinal Organic Product:5-membered cyclic…

Answered: HO (c) (1 pt) Both of the following are…

EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC L

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305446021

Author:Lampman

Publisher:Lampman

Chapter20: Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions: Competing Nucleophiles

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2Q

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H3C-C O: H ethanal :CN: and the electrophile is cyanide ion In the step you have just written, the nucleophile is slow rate-determining Ö—0—1 H3C-C-C=N; adduct
Step 4a: Classify step. The target product is present, but the reaction is not over. The ethoxide ion has been regenerated. :0: :0: What is the key process in the next step of the mechanism? proton transfer formation of a o bond between nucleophile and electrophile loss of a leaving group carbocation rearrangement (e.g., methyl or hydride shift)
Need both sets of compounds ranked strongest to weakest
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Br Brz CH3 CH3 H3C CH2CI2 H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Br2; to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH,Cl). In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions Br: :Br: .CH3 H3C H3C CH3 Br:
The given reaction takes place in acidic conditions under rigorous heating. Complete the reaction mechanism, adding missing atoms and lone pairs, charges, and curved arrows as necessary. Ignore hydrogen sulfate in steps 2 and 3. OH Step 1: Draw curved arrows. : он H₂SO4 A : 0: || OH : 11 Step 2: Draw a curved arrow. OH₂
If anhydrides react like acid chlorides with the nucleophiles, draw the products formed when each of the following nucleophiles reacts with benzoic anhydride [(C6H5CO)2O]: (a) CH3MgBr (2 equiv), then H2O; (b) LiAlH4, then H2O; (c) LiAlH[OC(CH3)3]3, then H2O.
Under the conditions shown below, which anion would be the best nucleophile? "Triflate" is a good leaving group "Triflate" = -oso,CF₂ OSO₂CF3 To NUⓇ CH₂CH₂OH prasi b) Clo Nu Fo -3-0-9-CF₂ O d) Bre SNI 2-ster . 30251 4 • protic shiess
Which is the strongest nucleophile among the following? CN- , OH-, CH3OH, NH3
Rank the nucleophiles in following group in order of increasing nucleophilicity. −OH, Br−, F− (polar aprotic solvent)
5
Under acid-catalyzed conditions, epoxides can be opened by a variety of nucleophiles other than water, such as alcohols. In such a case, the nucleophile will generally attack at the more substituted position. Using this information, predict the products for each of the following reactions (a-b): ? 1) RCO-H 2) [H₂SOJ Modify the given structure to draw the major product(s). Use the single bond tool to interconvert between double and single bonds. If a racemic mixture of enantiomers is expected, draw both enantiomers. Note: you can select a structure and use Copy and Paste to save drawing time. CH₂ Edit Drawing A

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