Hi! I was assigned to choose a research article that uses one of the three following options: Independent Measures one-way Analysis of Variance Independent Measures two-way Analysis of Variance Independent Measures Analysis of Variance 1) Could you please read this and let me know if I have chosen an article that uses one of these concepts? 2) Also, what are the independent and dependent variables in the study? (Or the ANOVA?) Here is the abstract: How Gender and Self-Esteem Impact Death Anxiety Across Adulthood: This study explores the impact of and interactions between age, gender, and self-esteem on death anxiety. The 136 participants consisted of 3 age groups (18-25, 35-50, 60+), and were students, faculty/staff, or emeriti members at a Christian liberal arts university. Participants took the Revised Death Anxiety Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale along with a brief demographic questionnaire. The initial 3 (age group) x 2 (gender) x 2 (self-esteem) ANOVA was not significant, but further investigation revealed that older adults reported lower death anxiety than young adults and women reported higher death anxiety than men. Self-esteem correlated negatively with death anxiety. These results indicate that age, gender, and self-esteem each impact death anxiety, but do so separately and without interactions. The Design of the Study: Data were collected with a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design in mind, the independent variables being age (3 levels—young, middle, and old), gender (2 levels—male and female), and self-esteem (2 levels—lower and higher), and the dependent variable being RDAS score. For ANOVA analysis, participant scores on the SES were divided into low and high self-esteem groups; scores 11-20 constituted the lower self-esteem group and scores 21-30 constituted the higher self-esteem group. Results of the Study: The initial 3 x 2 x 2 univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyzing death anxiety by gender, age, and self-esteem, yielded no significant main effects or interactions. However, when self-esteem was left out of the analysis and a 3 x 2 ANOVA with age and gender as factors was conducted, age reached significance with and Fage group (1, 131) = 3.201, p = .044 (Myoung = 39.25 SDyoung = 11.74; Mmiddle = 34.05, SDmiddle = 8.94; Mold = 33.62, SDold = 10.32). A Tukey HSD post hoc test revealed that the significant difference was between the young and old participants, p = .031. An independent-samples t-test analyzing death anxiety by gender reached significance, t(134) = 2.552, p = .012 (Mmen = 34.55, SD0.43; Mwomen = 39.40, SDwomen = 11.62). Although self-esteem failed to significantly impact death anxiety in the original ANOVA, self-esteem scores were negatively correlated with death anxiety scores (r(134) = - .264, p =.002).
Hi! I was assigned to choose a research article that uses one of the three following options:
- Independent Measures one-way Analysis of Variance
- Independent Measures two-way Analysis of Variance
- Independent Measures Analysis of Variance
1) Could you please read this and let me know if I have chosen an article that uses one of these concepts?
2) Also, what are the independent and dependent variables in the study? (Or the ANOVA?)
Here is the abstract:
How Gender and Self-Esteem Impact
Death Anxiety Across Adulthood:
This study explores the impact of and interactions between age, gender, and self-esteem
on death anxiety. The 136 participants consisted of 3 age groups (18-25, 35-50,
60+), and were students, faculty/staff, or emeriti members at a Christian liberal arts university. Participants took the Revised Death Anxiety Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale along with a brief demographic questionnaire. The initial 3 (age group) x 2 (gender) x 2 (self-esteem) ANOVA was not significant, but further investigation revealed that older adults reported lower death anxiety than young adults
and women reported higher death anxiety than men. Self-esteem
The Design of the Study:
Data were collected with a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design
in mind, the independent variables being age (3 levels—young, middle, and old), gender (2 levels—male
and female), and self-esteem (2 levels—lower and
higher), and the dependent variable being RDAS
score. For ANOVA analysis, participant scores on the
SES were divided into low and high self-esteem groups;
scores 11-20 constituted the lower self-esteem group
and scores 21-30 constituted the higher self-esteem
group.
Results of the Study:
The initial 3 x 2 x 2 univariate analysis of variance
(ANOVA) analyzing death anxiety by gender, age, and
self-esteem, yielded no significant main effects or interactions. However, when self-esteem was left out of the
analysis and a 3 x 2 ANOVA with age and gender as
factors was conducted, age reached significance with
and Fage group (1, 131) = 3.201, p = .044 (Myoung = 39.25 SDyoung
= 11.74; Mmiddle = 34.05, SDmiddle = 8.94; Mold = 33.62, SDold
= 10.32). A Tukey HSD post hoc test revealed that the
significant difference was between the young and old
participants, p = .031. An independent-samples t-test
analyzing death anxiety by gender reached significance, t(134) = 2.552, p = .012 (Mmen = 34.55, SD0.43; Mwomen = 39.40, SDwomen = 11.62). Although self-esteem failed to significantly impact death anxiety in
the original ANOVA, self-esteem scores were negatively correlated with death anxiety scores (r(134) = -
.264, p =.002).
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