Given the following drugs in a urine specimen: Cocaine alkaloid Secobarbital (a derivative of barbituric acid) Carisoprodol (a neutral drug)      Devise an analytical flow chart that will be used to separate these substances from a urine specimen. The separation will be liquid extraction methods. Choose appropriate solvents and reagents based on the properties of the materials to be separated.

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Micelles and Biological Membrane

Micelles are the type of lipid molecules that organize themselves in spherical shape in aqueous solutions. The production of the micelle is a reply to the amphipathic behavior of fatty acids. It means that they consist of both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions. In micelles, polar head groups (hydrophilic groups) produce an outer layer associated with water whereas nonpolar tails (hydrophobic groups) are organized in the interior.