Gardasil Completion - HPV (human papillomavirus) is a virus that has been linked to the development of cervical and other cancers. The Gardasil vaccine for HPV has been available since 2006 and was initially recommended by the FDA for use by women aged 9 - 26. At the time, the typical Gardasil regimen consisted of a sequence of three shots given over a 6- to 12-month period. (Current recommendations are for routine vaccination for all children starting at age 11 and for anyone through age 26 who has not been adequately vaccinated. Because patients need to return to a clinic to receive the follow-up shots, medical professionals are concerned about completion rates for vaccine series. In an effort to learn what variables might contribute to a patient completing the series, an early study in 2008 examined the medical records of 1,413 young female patients aged 11-26 years in the Baltimore area who came to one of four clinics to begin the three-shot regimen. Information on the number of shots the patient received and the clinic location was recorded. Let's consider the 1,413 patients from the Gardasil investigation as a random sample of female patients from that time period and use a randomization- based hypothesis test to answer the research question, “Are the variables Clinic Location and Completion Status independent?"

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c. To set up a randomization procedure using colored cards, how many cards would we need?
i. How many of these cards should be green to represent patients at suburban clinics?
ii. How many of these cards should be white to represent patients at urban clinics?
After we shuffle the cards:
a. How many should be placed in a pile representing those who completed the series?
b. How many should be place in a pile representing those who did not complete the series?
We then calculate the difference between the proportion of cards representing patients from suburban clinics and urban clinics who completed the
series of vaccinations and call it PSuburban,sim
Purban,sim
a. If we repeat the randomization procedure many times, and construct a dotplot of the simulated differences PSuburban,sim
- Purban,sim»
where
would you expect the distribution to be centered?
Transcribed Image Text:c. To set up a randomization procedure using colored cards, how many cards would we need? i. How many of these cards should be green to represent patients at suburban clinics? ii. How many of these cards should be white to represent patients at urban clinics? After we shuffle the cards: a. How many should be placed in a pile representing those who completed the series? b. How many should be place in a pile representing those who did not complete the series? We then calculate the difference between the proportion of cards representing patients from suburban clinics and urban clinics who completed the series of vaccinations and call it PSuburban,sim Purban,sim a. If we repeat the randomization procedure many times, and construct a dotplot of the simulated differences PSuburban,sim - Purban,sim» where would you expect the distribution to be centered?
Gardasil Completion - HPV (human papillomavirus) is a virus that has been linked to the development of cervical and other cancers. The Gardasil
vaccine for HPV has been available since 2006 and was initially recommended by the FDA for use by women aged 9 - 26. At the time, the typical
Gardasil regimen consisted of a sequence of three shots given over a 6- to 12-month period. (Current recommendations are for routine vaccination for
all children starting at age 11 and for anyone through age 26 who has not been adequately vaccinated.
Because patients need to return to a clinic to receive the follow-up shots, medical professionals are concerned about completion rates for vaccine
series. In an effort to learn what variables might contribute to a patient completing the series, an early study in 2008 examined the medical records of
1,413 young female patients aged 11-26 years in the Baltimore area who came to one of four clinics to begin the three-shot regimen. Information on
the number of shots the patient received and the clinic location was recorded.
Let's consider the 1,413 patients from the Gardasil investigation as a random sample of female patients from that time period and use a randomization-
based hypothesis test to answer the research question, "Are the variables Clinic Location and Completion Status independent?"
Completed
Did
not
complete
Clinic location
Total
series
series
Suburban
355
608
963
Urban
114
336
450
Total
469
944
1413
a. Calculate the observed difference in the proportion of patients from suburban clinics and urban clinics who completed the series of vaccinations.
PSuburban – Purban
Transcribed Image Text:Gardasil Completion - HPV (human papillomavirus) is a virus that has been linked to the development of cervical and other cancers. The Gardasil vaccine for HPV has been available since 2006 and was initially recommended by the FDA for use by women aged 9 - 26. At the time, the typical Gardasil regimen consisted of a sequence of three shots given over a 6- to 12-month period. (Current recommendations are for routine vaccination for all children starting at age 11 and for anyone through age 26 who has not been adequately vaccinated. Because patients need to return to a clinic to receive the follow-up shots, medical professionals are concerned about completion rates for vaccine series. In an effort to learn what variables might contribute to a patient completing the series, an early study in 2008 examined the medical records of 1,413 young female patients aged 11-26 years in the Baltimore area who came to one of four clinics to begin the three-shot regimen. Information on the number of shots the patient received and the clinic location was recorded. Let's consider the 1,413 patients from the Gardasil investigation as a random sample of female patients from that time period and use a randomization- based hypothesis test to answer the research question, "Are the variables Clinic Location and Completion Status independent?" Completed Did not complete Clinic location Total series series Suburban 355 608 963 Urban 114 336 450 Total 469 944 1413 a. Calculate the observed difference in the proportion of patients from suburban clinics and urban clinics who completed the series of vaccinations. PSuburban – Purban
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