For students who first enrolled in two year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses in words (b) State the null and alterative hypotheses symbolically (c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error (d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type Il error (a) State the null hypothesis in words. Choose the correct answer below OA. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than OB. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386. OC. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386. OD. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386. 386 (

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
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For students who first enrolled in two year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the
proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate.
(a) State the null and alterative hypotheses in words
(b) State the null and alternative hypotheses symbolically
(c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type 1 error
(d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type Il error
(a) State the null hypothesis in words. Choose the correct answer below
OA. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386.
OB. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386.
OC. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386.
OD. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386.
(C
Transcribed Image Text:For students who first enrolled in two year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate. (a) State the null and alterative hypotheses in words (b) State the null and alternative hypotheses symbolically (c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type 1 error (d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type Il error (a) State the null hypothesis in words. Choose the correct answer below OA. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386. OB. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386. OC. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386. OD. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386. (C
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Follow-up Question
For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll at her institution has a higher completion rate.

**(a) State the null and alternative hypotheses in words.**

* Choose the correct answer below:

  - A. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386. (Correct option selected)
  - B. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386.
  - C. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386.
  - D. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386.

**(b) State the hypotheses symbolically.**

- \( H_0: P = 0.386 \)

- \( H_1: P > 0.386 \)

**(c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error.**

- The president **rejects** the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386 when, in fact, the proportion is equal to 0.386.

**(d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error.**

- The president **fails to reject** the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386 when, in fact, the proportion is greater.

The exercise involves understanding hypothesis testing, where the null hypothesis (\(H_0\)) assumes a completion rate of 0.386, and the alternative hypothesis (\(H_1\)) proposes a higher completion rate for the junior college. Making a Type I error involves incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.
Transcribed Image Text:For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll at her institution has a higher completion rate. **(a) State the null and alternative hypotheses in words.** * Choose the correct answer below: - A. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386. (Correct option selected) - B. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386. - C. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386. - D. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386. **(b) State the hypotheses symbolically.** - \( H_0: P = 0.386 \) - \( H_1: P > 0.386 \) **(c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error.** - The president **rejects** the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386 when, in fact, the proportion is equal to 0.386. **(d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error.** - The president **fails to reject** the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386 when, in fact, the proportion is greater. The exercise involves understanding hypothesis testing, where the null hypothesis (\(H_0\)) assumes a completion rate of 0.386, and the alternative hypothesis (\(H_1\)) proposes a higher completion rate for the junior college. Making a Type I error involves incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false.
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Follow-up Question
### Statistical Hypothesis Testing: Understanding Null and Alternative Hypotheses

#### Context
For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students enrolling at her institution has a higher completion rate.

#### Tasks
(a) **State the null and alternative hypotheses in words:**

The alternative hypothesis statement is:
- A. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386.

(b) **State the hypotheses symbolically:**

- Null Hypothesis (H₀): \( P = 0.386 \)
- Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): \( P > 0.386 \)

(c) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error:**

A Type I error occurs when the president rejects the null hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386, when, in fact, the proportion is 0.386.

(d) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error:**

A Type II error occurs when the president fails to reject the null hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386, when, in fact, the proportion is greater than 0.386.

#### Conclusion
Understanding Type I and Type II errors is crucial for interpreting results in hypothesis testing. A Type I error involves rejecting a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves failing to reject a false null hypothesis.
Transcribed Image Text:### Statistical Hypothesis Testing: Understanding Null and Alternative Hypotheses #### Context For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students enrolling at her institution has a higher completion rate. #### Tasks (a) **State the null and alternative hypotheses in words:** The alternative hypothesis statement is: - A. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386. (b) **State the hypotheses symbolically:** - Null Hypothesis (H₀): \( P = 0.386 \) - Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): \( P > 0.386 \) (c) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error:** A Type I error occurs when the president rejects the null hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386, when, in fact, the proportion is 0.386. (d) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error:** A Type II error occurs when the president fails to reject the null hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is equal to 0.386, when, in fact, the proportion is greater than 0.386. #### Conclusion Understanding Type I and Type II errors is crucial for interpreting results in hypothesis testing. A Type I error involves rejecting a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves failing to reject a false null hypothesis.
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Follow-up Question
For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate.

(a) State the null and alternative hypotheses in words.
(b) State the null and alternative hypotheses symbolically.
(c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error.
(d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error.

**Given Information:**

**Null Hypothesis (in words):**  
B. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386.  
C. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386.  
D. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386.

**Alternative Hypothesis (in words):**  
Choose the correct answer below:  
A. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386.  
B. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386.  
C. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386.  
D. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386.

**(b) State the hypotheses symbolically:**  
- \( H_0 : p = 0.386 \)  
- \( H_1 : p > 0.386 \)

**(c) What would it mean to make a Type I error?**

**(d) What would it mean to make a Type II error?**

The president [rejects/fails to reject] the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is [box for input] when, in fact, the proportion is [box for input]. (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.)
Transcribed Image Text:For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate. (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses in words. (b) State the null and alternative hypotheses symbolically. (c) Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error. (d) Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error. **Given Information:** **Null Hypothesis (in words):** B. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386. C. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386. D. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386. **Alternative Hypothesis (in words):** Choose the correct answer below: A. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386. B. Among students who first enroll in two-year public institutions, the completion rate is 0.386. C. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386. D. Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is less than 0.386. **(b) State the hypotheses symbolically:** - \( H_0 : p = 0.386 \) - \( H_1 : p > 0.386 \) **(c) What would it mean to make a Type I error?** **(d) What would it mean to make a Type II error?** The president [rejects/fails to reject] the hypothesis that the proportion of students who earn a bachelor's degree within six years is [box for input] when, in fact, the proportion is [box for input]. (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.)
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Follow-up Question
**Hypothesis Testing for Junior College Completion Rates**

For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate.

(a) **State the null and alternative hypotheses in words:**

- **Null Hypothesis (H₀):** Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386.

- **Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):** Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386.

(b) **State the hypotheses symbolically:**

- H₀: p = 0.386
- H₁: p > 0.386

(c) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error:**

A Type I error would mean rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true. In this context, it would imply concluding that the junior college’s completion rate is higher than 0.386, when in reality, it is not.

(d) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error:**

A Type II error would mean failing to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true. This would indicate not recognizing that the junior college's completion rate is indeed higher than 0.386, even though it is.

**Note on Diagrams or Graphs:**

There are boxes provided to symbolically denote the null and alternative hypotheses with symbols for correctness verification.
Transcribed Image Text:**Hypothesis Testing for Junior College Completion Rates** For students who first enrolled in two-year public institutions in a recent semester, the proportion who earned a bachelor's degree within six years was 0.386. The president of a certain junior college believes that the proportion of students who enroll in her institution have a higher completion rate. (a) **State the null and alternative hypotheses in words:** - **Null Hypothesis (H₀):** Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is 0.386. - **Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):** Among students who enroll at the certain junior college, the completion rate is greater than 0.386. (b) **State the hypotheses symbolically:** - H₀: p = 0.386 - H₁: p > 0.386 (c) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type I error:** A Type I error would mean rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true. In this context, it would imply concluding that the junior college’s completion rate is higher than 0.386, when in reality, it is not. (d) **Explain what it would mean to make a Type II error:** A Type II error would mean failing to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true. This would indicate not recognizing that the junior college's completion rate is indeed higher than 0.386, even though it is. **Note on Diagrams or Graphs:** There are boxes provided to symbolically denote the null and alternative hypotheses with symbols for correctness verification.
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