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For several years, evidence had been mounting that folic acid reduces major birth defects. In a study, doctors enrolled women prior to conception and divided them randomly into two groups. One group, consisting of 2783 women, took daily multivitamins containing 0.8 mg of folic acid; the other group, consisting of 2103 women, received only trace elements. Major birth defects occurred in 31 cases when the women took folic acid and in 47 cases when the women did not. a. At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects? b. Is this study a designed experiment or an observational study? Explain your answer. c. In view of your answers to parts (a) and (b), could you reasonably conclude that taking folic acid causes a reduction in major birth defects? Explain your answer. a. Use the two-proportions z-test to conduct the required hypothesis test. Let population 1 be women that took folic acid, and let population 2 be women that did not take folic acid. What are the hypotheses for this test? OA. Ho: P₁ OC. Ho: P₁ O E. Ho: P₁ P2, Ha: P₁ = P2 P₂, Ha: P₁ P2 P2, H₂: P₁ P2 Calculate the test statistic. z= (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Calculate the P-value. P= (Round to three decimal places as needed.) OB. Ho: P₁ OD. Ho: P₁ OF. Ho: P₁ P2, H₂: P₁ P2 P₂, Ha: P₁ = P2 P₂, Ha: P₁ = P2

For several years, evidence had been mounting that folic acid reduces major birth defects. In a study, doctors enrolled women prior to conception and divided them randomly into two groups. One group, consisting of 2783 women, took daily multivitamins containing 0.8 mg of folic acid; the other group, consisting of 2103 women, received only trace elements. Major birth defects occurred in 31 cases when the women took folic acid and in 47 cases when the women did not. a. At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects? b. Is this study a designed experiment or an observational study? Explain your answer. c. In view of your answers to parts (a) and (b), could you reasonably conclude that taking folic acid causes a reduction in major birth defects? Explain your answer. a. Use the two-proportions z-test to conduct the required hypothesis test. Let population 1 be women that took folic acid, and let population 2 be women that did not take folic acid. What are the hypotheses for this test? OA. Ho: P₁ OC. Ho: P₁ O E. Ho: P₁ P2, Ha: P₁ = P2 P₂, Ha: P₁ P2 P2, H₂: P₁ P2 Calculate the test statistic. z= (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Calculate the P-value. P= (Round to three decimal places as needed.) OB. Ho: P₁ OD. Ho: P₁ OF. Ho: P₁ P2, H₂: P₁ P2 P₂, Ha: P₁ = P2 P₂, Ha: P₁ = P2

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Related questions
Question
Which of the following is the correct conclusion for the hypothesis​ test?
 
 
A.
At the
5​%
significance​ level,
reject
H0​;
the data
provide
sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects.
 
B.
At the
5​%
significance​ level,
reject
H0​;
the data
do not provide
sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects.
 
C.
At the
5​%
significance​ level,
do not reject
H0​;
the data
do not provide
sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects.
 
D.
At the
5​%
significance​ level,
do not reject
H0​;
the data
provide
sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects.
Part 5
b. This study is
▼
 
an observational study,
a designed experiment,
because the people running the study
▼
 
did not apply
applied
treatments to the subjects of the study.
Part 6
c. Since the study was
▼
 
an observational study
a designed experiment
and the conclusion was to
▼
 
not reject
reject
the null​ hypothesis, it
▼
 
could
could not
be reasonably concluded that taking folic acid causes a reduction in major birth defects.
For several years, evidence had been mounting that folic acid reduces major birth defects. In a study, doctors enrolled women prior to conception and divided them randomly into two groups. One group, consisting of 2783 women, took daily multivitamins containing 0.8 mg of folic acid; the other group, consisting of 2103 women, received only trace elements. Major birth defects occurred in 31 cases when the women took folic acid and in 47 cases when the women did not. a. At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects? b. Is this study a designed experiment or an observational study? Explain your answer. c. In view of your answers to parts (a) and (b), could you reasonably conclude that taking folic acid causes a reduction in major birth defects? Explain your answer. a. Use the two-proportions z-test to conduct the required hypothesis test. Let population 1 be women that took folic acid, and let population 2 be women that did not take folic acid. What are the hypotheses for this test? OA. Ho: P₁ OC. Ho: P₁ O E. Ho: P₁ P2, H₂: P₁ = P2 P₂2, Ha: P₁ P2 P₂, Ha: P1 P2 Calculate the test statistic. z= (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Calculate the P-value. P= (Round to three decimal places as needed.) B. Ho: P₁ P2, Ha: P₁ P2 OD. Ho: P₁ P2, Ha: P₁ = P2 OF. Ho: P₁ <P2, Ha: P₁ = P2
Transcribed Image Text:For several years, evidence had been mounting that folic acid reduces major birth defects. In a study, doctors enrolled women prior to conception and divided them randomly into two groups. One group, consisting of 2783 women, took daily multivitamins containing 0.8 mg of folic acid; the other group, consisting of 2103 women, received only trace elements. Major birth defects occurred in 31 cases when the women took folic acid and in 47 cases when the women did not. a. At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that women who take folic acid are at lesser risk of having children with major birth defects? b. Is this study a designed experiment or an observational study? Explain your answer. c. In view of your answers to parts (a) and (b), could you reasonably conclude that taking folic acid causes a reduction in major birth defects? Explain your answer. a. Use the two-proportions z-test to conduct the required hypothesis test. Let population 1 be women that took folic acid, and let population 2 be women that did not take folic acid. What are the hypotheses for this test? OA. Ho: P₁ OC. Ho: P₁ O E. Ho: P₁ P2, H₂: P₁ = P2 P₂2, Ha: P₁ P2 P₂, Ha: P1 P2 Calculate the test statistic. z= (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Calculate the P-value. P= (Round to three decimal places as needed.) B. Ho: P₁ P2, Ha: P₁ P2 OD. Ho: P₁ P2, Ha: P₁ = P2 OF. Ho: P₁ <P2, Ha: P₁ = P2
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