For generation of steam in a boiler requires 2500 kJ/kg of heat and in the condenser 1800 kJ/kg of heat is rejected to cooling water, using first law of thermodynamics determine steam flow rate if power developed is 210 MW during the cycle.
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- a power plant steam, steam is continuously extractedfromthe turbine and in a heat exchanger there is a condensation of the extracted steam. The energy released during condensation of steam is used to operate a heat engine. A heat engine receives thermal energy at a rate of 1200 kJ/hr from condensing steam and rejects waste heat to a lake at 20°C at a rate of 800 kJ/hr. Determine the lowest possible condensing steam temperature.H6. An air conditioner in an upper-floor apartment unit is turned on during a hot summer afternoon. If heat can be removed from the interior at a rate of 1.5 kW, estimate the time required to cool the air inside the apartment to its final temperature. Your estimate should create any needed input data and should incorporate factors like the size of the apartment and the behavior of air.thermodynamics In a constant temperature, closed system process, 120 BTU of heat istransferred to the working fluid at 80F. What is the change of entropyof the working fluid, KJ/kg-K?
- A vacuum refrigeration system consists of a large insulated flash chamber kept at low pressure by steam ejector which pumps vapor to a condenser. Condensate is removed by condensate to an air vent. Warm return water enters the flash chamber at 13oC, chilled water comes out of the flash chamber at 5oC Vapor leaving the flash chamber has a quality of 0.97 and the temperature in the condenser is 32oC. For 350 kw of refrigeration How much vapor must the steam ejector remove from the flash chamber?A vacuum refrigeration system consists of a large insulated flash chamber kept at low pressure by steam ejector which pumps vapor to a condenser. Condensate is removed by condensate to an air vent. Warm return water enters the flash chamber at 13oC, chilled water comes out of the flash chamber at 5oC Vapor leaving the flash chamber has a quality of 0.97 and the temperature in the condenser is 32oC. For 350 kw of refrigeration How much make-up water is needed?A vacuum refrigeration system consists of a large insulated flash chamber kept at low pressure by steam ejector which pumps vapor to a condenser. Condensate is removed by condensate to an air vent. Warm return water enters the flash chamber at 13oC, chilled water comes out of the flash chamber at 5oC Vapor leaving the flash chamber has a quality of 0.97 and the temperature in the condenser is 32oC. For 350 kw of refrigeration A) How much chilled water at 5oC does this system provide? B) How much make-up water is needed? C) How much vapor must the steam ejector remove from the flash chamber?
- A refrigeration system absorbs heat from a space at 2 ◦C at a rate of 6.9 kW and rejects heatto water in the condenser. Water enters the condenser at 16 ◦C at a rate of 0.27 kg/s. The COPof the system is estimated to be 1.85. Determine (a) the power input to the system, (b) thetemperature of the water at the exit of the condenser, and (c) the second-law efficiency andthe exergy destruction for the refrigerator. Take the dead-state temperature to be the inlettemperature of water in the condenser. The specific heat of water is 4.18 kJ/kg·◦C.There are received 68,000 kg/h of steam by an ideal regenerative engine, havingonly one heater, of which the heater receives 15,400 kg/h; the condenser receivesthe remainder at 0.007MPa. If the heater pressure is 0.96MPa, find the state (qualityor °SH) of the steam (a) at the heater entrance and (b) at the consider entrance.Plot the Carnot efficiency of Heat engine at thermal power plant over temperature range of 400 to 750°C.
- Heat engine and refrigerator. Consider a heat engine operating between temperatures Th and Tj. During each cycle with time At, work W is extracted, so Pout = W/At. (a) Assuming the processes are all reversible, what is the efficiency of this heat engine, n = Wout/Qn? (b) Now assume that the low temperature of the heat engine is lowered by a reversible refrigerator, such that the heat engine operates between Th and T. The refrigerator takes input power Pin = Win/At and operates between T and T, where Ti < T. Draw an energy- entropy flow diagram. (c) Calculate the net efficiency (Wout - Win)/Qh. Is the efficiency of this system higher, lower, or the same as your answer for (a)?Consider a heat engine is operating on a steady‐flow Carnot cycle with water asthe working fluid. The water mass flow rate in cycle is 0.5 kg/s. The cyclemaximum per minimum absolute temperatures ratio is 2.5. The quality of wateris 1 at the beginning of the heat‐rejection process and 0 at the end and theambient temperature is 35°C. Show the cycle on a T‐s and P‐v diagrams relativeto the saturation lines, and determine (a) the thermal efficiency, (b) thepressure at the turbine inlet, (c) maximum temperature, minimum pressure (d)the network output, (e) the entropy changes in all processes, and (f) the actualnetwork output with second law efficiency of 45%.A refrigerator operating on the Carnot cycle is used to make ice. Water freezing at 32oF is the cold reservoir. Heat is rejected to a river at 72oF. Determine the work required to freeze 2000 lbm of ice if the energy required to freeze ice is 144 Btu/lbm. What is the power input required in kW and hp is this operation is carried out in 1 hour?