For each system listed in the first column of the table below, decide (if possible) whether the change described in the second column will increase the entropy S of the system, decrease S, or leave S unchanged. If you don't have enough information to decide, check the "not enough information" button in the last column. System Change AS As < o O As = 0 The water evaporates at a constant temperature of 40.0 °C. A few grams of liquid water (H,0). O As > 0 not enough information O As < 0 O As = 0 The nitrogen is cooled from 54.0 °C to -17.0 °C while the volume is held constant at 3.0 L. A few moles of nitrogen (N,) gas. O As > 0 not enough information O As < 0 O As = 0 The nitrogen is cooled from 17.0 °C to -4.0 °C and is also expanded from a volume of 3.0 L to a volume of 6.0 L. A few moles of nitrogen (N2) gas. As > 0 not enough information
Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
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