em 1212• First, drag the labels of Group 1 to identity the common ancestors at the branch points.• Next, drag one label of Group 2 to identify the homologous characteristic.• Then, drag one label of Group 3 to identify the relationship between the two species.> View Available Hint(s)Reset HelpU. cinereoargenteus(b)ancestor of SantaCatalina and SanClemente foxesdwarfismGroup 1Group 1U. I. santarosaeGroup 3diploid chromosomenumber of 66ancestor ofsouthern ChannelIsland foxesGroup 2U. I. littoralisGroup 1ancestor of SantaRosa and SanU. I. santacruzaeleast closely relatedMiguel foxesGroup 1U. A. dickeyi9)most closely relatedancestor of islandfoxesGroup 1U. I. catalinaeancestor of grayfoxes and islandancestor of northernChannel IslandfoxesfoxesGroup 1U. L. clementaeP Pearson1207 PM97/2021pousebreokprt scsysradeletehome pgup pade8.backspacenum ikscr ikRYU78homeenterDBshift &endltctrl Part B- Phylogenetic trees and geographic relationshipsThe island fox, Urocyon littoralis, is endemic to the Channel Islands, which are located off the coast of southern California, Six of the eight Channel Islands support foxpopulations, and each of these islands is home to a distinct subspecies, as shown in the table below.IslandSubspeciesSanta CruzsantacruzaeNorthern ChanelIslandsSanta RosaU. I. santarosaeSan MiguelU. I. littoralisSan NicolasU.I. dickeyiSouthern ChannelIslandsSanClementeU.I. clementaeSantaCatalinaU.I. catalinaeThe island fox shares a common ancestor with the gray fox. Urocyon cinerecargenteus, which is found on the mainland. Both species have similar coloration and adiploid chromosome number of 66. One structural difference between the two species is the reduced size of the island fox, a feature known as dwarfism. The variousisland subspecies also differ from each other in size, number of tail vertebrae, and other characteristicsThe phylogenetic tree below shows the evolutionary relationships between the island fox subspecies and the gray fox Drag the labels to their appropriate locations onthe tree.First, drag the labels of Group 1 to identify the common ancestors at the branch points.• Next, drag one label of Group 2 to identify the homologous characteristic.• Then, drag one label of Group 3 to identify the relationship between the two species.PPearsonT1207 PMICisterpouseprt seDIRbreakdeletehomepguppgdnsysrgen8.backspacenum IkScrERTPhomednbdpaupD FKenter4.shiftendaltctrlCHinser00

A phylogenetic tree is a graphic that depicts the relationships between organisms' biological…

• First, drag the labels of Group 1 to identity the common ancestors at the branch points. Next, drag one label of Group 2 to identify the homologous characteristic. Then, drag one label of Group 3 to identify the relationship between the two species. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Не U. cinereoargenteus ancestor of Santa Catalina and San Clemente foxes dwarfism Group 1 Group 1 U. I. santarosae ancestor of Group 3

• First, drag the labels of Group 1 to identity the common ancestors at the branch points. Next, drag one label of Group 2 to identify the homologous characteristic. Then, drag one label of Group 3 to identify the relationship between the two species. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Не U. cinereoargenteus ancestor of Santa Catalina and San Clemente foxes dwarfism Group 1 Group 1 U. I. santarosae ancestor of Group 3

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter24: Systematics And Phylogenetics: Revealing The Tree Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12TYK

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Phylogenetic with branch lengths scaled in genetic distance 0.88 0.88 0.93 0.78 2388-3883 232 2002 4⁹29930 9823-2883 0.8 0.82 0.89- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineage 2 0.99 2001 90-2004 4484 2005 -0.635 388627805 718356883 11 2002 -83331-9811 74333-2690 $250-2010 10737 2002 203 2001 1511 208201 4701810 2008-2011 6295 29889 8073_2007 0.01 (# substitutions/nucleotide site) 83922889 015 2005 98507_2009 8195 200 46828000 Root-to-tip distance Evolutionary distance from root-to-tip versus sampling time 2.8x10 2.2x10 R²=0.00 1990 1995 2000 00 000 80 2005 000 O oo XBOO8 1. In this figure you can see a phylogenetic tree of samples of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 2 and a corresponding root-to-tip plot. The branch lengths in the tree are scaled by evolutionary/genetic distance, so not by time. In the plot on the right, the summed branch lengths going from the root to the tips of the trees are then plotted against the dates the tips were sampled. What can we conclude from these figures? The…
How is a phylogenetic bootstrap value calculated? [ at least mention 3 points]
Activity 4. The Cladogram Direction: With the cladogram below as a basis, answer the following questions in the space provided. Skin shields Two Horn moil bogsvih ya Horn owi tarl A hypothetieal cladogram with taxa designated as the letters O, A, B, C, and D. Retrieved from Kardong (2012) Fig. 1. Which is the outgroup here? O, A, B, C, or D? 2. Which is the sister of the group of D? 3. Grouping A, B, and D together (excluding C) creates which kind of grouping? 4. Which taxa share the characteristic of "skin shields"? 5. What characteristic is homologous among A, B, C, and D? 30 6. Write down the taxa that would make a paraphyletic grouping. 7. Write down the taxa that would make a monophyletic grouping. 8. Which characteristic is absent in O but is a homologous characteristic among A, B, C, and D? 9. Which is a unique characteristic present in A, B, and C which is absent in D? 10. Will grouping O, A, B, C, and D create a valid clade?
Morphological Information Baltimore Oriole Black-backed Oriole Female Male Kondo, Baker, & Omland 2004 2B. Based on the morphological information above, should the Baltimore Oriole and Black- backed Oriole be classified as one species or two species? What if we only had information about females?
uestion 35 Based on the phylogenetic tree below, which of the following species has hair? Hair Hinged jaw Vertebral column (backbone) Common Ancestor -II IV O a. Species III O b. Species IV O C Species I O d. Species II
10. Refer to the figure shown. Species Stripe Color 1 2 3 B. C R The figure shows the phylogeny of seven species of beetles (A-G) and whether the beetles have (?) or do not have (x×) one of three stripes. It also indicates the color of the beetle (R for red and G for green). Based on the phylogenetic tree and the principle of parsimony, the absence of stripe in species is most likely O 1; E and F; an evolutionary reversal O 2; E and F; due to convergent evolution O 2; E and F; a synapomorphy O 1; E and F; a synapomorphy O 1; E andF; due to convergent evolution
Horse - Equus caballus Trace its origin and evolutionary history or changes in the species. Describe its structures and their functions. What is the importance of this species to our environment? Give trivia about this species. Does this organism produce oxygen? Explain. What are the ancestral species of your chosen organism? Has this species been genetically engineered? If yes, in what way? How does this species reproduce? What organisms have similar structures to this species? Do these structures have the same function? Does the species have tissues, organs, and/or organ systems? What is its role in the flow of energy? Give at 15 least a sentence to each question.
a- What is Phylogenetics? b- What are the types of Phylogenetics trees? c- What are the differences between Rooted and Unrooted Phylogenetics trees? d- Using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) construct the phylogenetic tree for the given data
Below are phylogenetic trees depicting the relationships among four species, A, B, C, and D. Which of the following statements is correct? ABCD ADCB DCBA D CAB (1) (2) (3) (4) Tree (1) and Tree (2) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (4) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (3) are the same tree. All four trees are in fact the same tree. All four trees are in fact different trees.
You are exploring the Amazon rainforests before it was completely destroyed. Particularly, you focus on a family of plants that are known to produce chemicals with great medicinal benefit. You sequenced the genomes of several related species and identified the gene, vge (à very good enzymea) responsible for the production of a potential anticancer drug. On the right is the schematic of the genomic region where the vge genes resides. You found that different species have different number of the vge genes. For example, the genome of spécies A (Sp. A) carries three copies of vge genes (vge-A, vge-B, and vge-C). Although they all encode the VGE enzyme and have the same function, their DNA sequences are not entirely identical to each other. Based on this observation, you can conclude that vge-A and vge-B are O orthologous to each other O paralogous to each other O analogous to each other O monophyletic to each other O None of the above Sp. A Sp. B Sp. C Sp. D vge-A vge-B vge-A vge-A vge-B…
Speciation can take place with or without geographic separation, discuss these two ways. | Cite examples of the different types.
Saola Pseudoryx nghetinhensis (Species) Discuss how you will manage new founders of the saola Pseudoryx nghetinhensis? Discuss whether you should create artificial emigration and immigration for different facilities. Discuss how you will deal with Individuals with unknown ancestry of Pseudoryx nghetinhensis? Discuss what molecular techniques you will employ to monitor the genetic diversity of your population and any new founders of Pseudoryx nghetinhensis?