Fill in the blanks using the following words/acronyms: protons; Electron Transport Chain; oxygen; inner; Cytochrome c; NADH; ATP synthase; shuttle; ATP (note: the same word/acronym may be used more than one time) Complex I transfers electrons from to Coenzyme Q; and this transfer leads to the extrusion of from the mitochondrial matrix to the outside face of the mitochondrial membrane. Complex II allows the transfer of electrons from succinate to Coenzyme Q. Coenzyme Q is an electron which transfers electrons to Complex III. Electrons transfer from Complex III is associated with translocation. These electrons are then accepted by ; which transfers them to Complex IV. are also translocated at the level of Complex IV during electrons transfer; allowing the reduction of the final electron acceptor of the which is . ll the translocated are then channeled through the pore of the ; providing the driving force for release from the Enzyme complex.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
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