Fill in the blank using information available from the diagram above: With every action potential sarcoplasm. More calcium in sarcoplasm means tropomyosin active site of (more/less) calcium is dumped into the cytoplasm or (can/cannot) cover the (actin/myosin) and as a result, there will be (more/less) interaction between actin and myosin. Calcium ATPase will take (longer/shorter) to remove calcium from the sarcoplasm and re-sequester them back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. If another action potential arise before calcium has been re-sequestered into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, that means even (more/less) is in the sarcoplasm. (more/less) contraction. Eventually these contractions will (more/less) calcium means lead to fused tetanus that means the entire muscle cannot contract any more. It has reached maximum contraction.
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Various steps during the contraction of a muscle fiber include-
- Arrival of a nerve impulse to a neuromuscular junction on a muscle cell. At a neuromuscular junction, an axon of the neuron meets a muscle cell.
- Acetylcholine is released from the axon of the neuron and binds to the receptors present on the sarcolemma.
- Depolarization of the sarcolemma by the opening of the Na+ ion channels and thereby allowing more and more Na+ ions inside the muscle cell.
- Na+ ions diffuse into the muscle fiber and depolarization occurs.
- The action potential travels deep down to the T-tubule and triggers the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release Ca+2 into the sarcoplasm.
- As the Ca+2 level increases, these bind to the Troponin which further removes the blocking action of Tropomyosin from the actin-binding sites.
- Myosin now binds to the actin filament thereby forming a cross-bridge that begins the contraction process.
-For the contraction process, the ATP binds to the myosin filament.
- ATP is then hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi that provides the myosin required energy to cock its head to the high-energy position.
- Actin and myosin bind together to form a cross bridge.
-The myosin head then pulls the actin filaments inward and releases the ADP and Pi and returns to a low-energy position.
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