FIGURE 23.7 Steps in the Citric Acid Cycle CH3-C-SCOA HSCOA CO2 ÇO2 CH2 1) NADH + H+ C=0 HO-C-CO2 H20 CH2 CH, 8 oxaloacetate 2 citrate NAD+. (CH2 H-C-CO2 Но -С—н НО -С—Н CH2 CO2 CO2 isocitrate malate NAD+ 3 CO2. 7 H20 ÇO2 NADH + H+ ÇO2 CH HSCOACH2 CO2 HC CO2 C=0 HSCOA ÇO2 CH2 NAD+ CO2- a-ketoglutarate fumarate 5 CH2 FADH2 CH2 FAD CH2 GDP NADH + H+ GTP C=0 succinate SCOA SUccinyl COA
Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways
Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.
Glucogenesis
Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,
Which intermediate(s) in the citric acid cycle contain one chirality center? Which intermediate(s) contain a tertiary alcohol?
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