Explain why it is NOT possible to treat diseases caused by prions with the same drugs that inhibit nucleic acid replication?

Q: Describe methods to control and destroy prions.

A: Prions are infectious protein particles that cause fatal neurodegenerative illnesses, such ad…

Q: How might a bacteriophage be used to treat bacterial infections in humans?

A: INTRODUCTION Bacteriophages These are the viruses that kills bacteria.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which plasmids increase the possibility of being…

A: The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary unit of an organism. It consists of purines and…

Q: Reverse transcriptase does not catalyzea) RNA-dependent DNA synthesisb) RNA degradationc)…

A: Transcriptase is the enzyme which helps in transcription. Transcription is the process to synthesise…

Q: Explain the following statement : a) initiation of bacteriall DNA replication is an energy…

A: Bacterial DNA replication also occurs in 5ˊ-3ˊdirection like eukaryotic replication. Both bacteria…

Q: Give one significant difference between Viroids and Prions.

A: The viroids are naked RNA (ribonucleic acid) strand or molecule. The viroids usually cause potato…

Q: Which of the statements is TRUE about conjugation?   a)  Plasmid DNA is transferred from a donor…

A: In the process of conjugation, genetic material is transmitted from one bacterial cell (donor) to…

Q: A cell is produced with a mutation that causes it produce a completely defective TFIIH. What does…

A: Transcription is the starting point for making proteins using cells. This is where DNA is copied and…

Q: Deamination of adenine results in the formation of hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine selectively base pairs…

A: The question is asking about the potential outcome of a specific type of mutation in DNA,…

Q: Which of the following enzyme is responsible for making a DNA copy from RNA?a) Reverse…

A: Transcription: It is a process in which RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase using DNA as…

Q: a) Under normal conditions E. coli produces three DNA polymerases. State their functional…

A: E.coli bacteria are considered prokaryotes, and the prokaryotes exhibit three different types of DNA…

Q: Describe the chemical structure of viroids and prions.

A: Introduction: Prion is a misfolded protein conformer with a self-propagating property. They are…

Q: All of the following are true statements concerning plasmids EXCEPT: O 1) They can carry genes that…

A: Plasmid Many bacteria (as well as some yeasts and some fungi) include plasmids, which are looping…

Q: Double-stranded RNA viruses, use the following polymerase for genome synthesis:   A)  viral…

A: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses utilize viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) for genome…

Q: Some antibiotic drugs fight infection by interfering with DNA replication, transcription, or…

A: The central dogma of molecular biology explains how the instructions within the DNA of an organism…

Q: Give the names and the role of inhibitors of replication.

A: DNA replication It is a biological process that occurs in all living organisms and copies their…

Q: Why are plasmids useful?

A: The bacterial population is characterized by the presence of an extrachromosomal, small, circular,…

Q: A plasmid may A) replicate independently of the chromosome. B) be transferred cell-to-cell during…

A: A plasmid is usually present in bacteria as an extra-chromosomal DNA which is capable of independent…

Q: Deamination of cytosine to form uracil can happen spontaneously during replication. It can be…

A: Deamination is a chemical process that removes an amino group from a molecule, such as a nucleotide…

Q: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase performs which of the following functions? O 1) Uncoats the viral…

A: Various different kinds of enzymes are involved in the replication, transcription, and translation…

Q: Define prion.

A: Viruses are made up of protein. They either contain RNA (Ribonucleic acid) or DNA (Deoxyribonucleic…

Q: Why are plasmids dangerous?

A: It is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule which naturally exist in bacterial cells, and…

Q: Bacterial conjugation has medical consequences. For example, certain plasmids contain genes that…

A: Bacterial Conjugation refers to parasexual mode of reproduction by which the genetic material is…

Q: What enzyme is responsible for the production of viral DNA from a retrovirus?

A: REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE are the main enzymes which is responsible for the production of Viral DNA from…

Q: what makes a prion so strong that it becomes difficult to destroy it even under high temperature?

A: Prion are mis-folded proteins, that make virus-like microorganisms called Prions. These proteins…

Q: Why are nucleotide or nucleoside analogs effective as drugs? a) act as competitive inhibitor b)…

A: Nucleotide or nucleoside analogs are artificially produced nucleotides that consist of one nucleic…

Q: Describe in general terms the strategy used by single-stranded (ss) DNA viruses to synthesize their…

A: Viruses are tiny nonliving entities that infect a cell and take over its machinery to grow and…

Q: Name a nucleoside analog. Explain how that nucleoside analog works. Which viruses are effectively…

A: Nucleoside analogues are nucleosides that contain a sugar and a nucleic acid counterpart. Nucleoside…

Q: In E. Coli, which enzyme is responsible for removing and correcting mistake individual nucleotides…

A: Introduction: The process of replication is how DNA molecules create identical replicas of…

Q: What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? a) It converts viral RNA into…

A: Introduction Retroviruses:- Retroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that used RNA as their…

Q: After entering cells, viruses use the host cell machinery to transcribe their viral DNA into RNA or…

A: RNA polymerase: In viruses, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from the strand of DNA. It is responsible…

Q: One of the reasons why phage therapy has not been applied widely is that bacteria can become…

A: Phage therapy is on the experimental stage still. In this therapy, bacteriophages are used to kill…

Q: How can plasmids benefit humans?

A: Plasmids are extra-chromosomal, circular, self-replicating, double-stranded DNA molecule. They are…

Q: Figure 1. A representation of remdesivir and the viral replication machinery for SARS-CoV-2. 6.…

A: Remdesivir is an antiviral drug used for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Its antiviral…

Q: The Drug AZT is used to treat AIDS, This drug is a _____ Inhibitor/Activator  of _____ a)…

A: HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. HIV destroys a type of white blood cells that help the…

Q: Once in human cells, which of the following statements might best describe how COVID19 replicates?…

A: Coronaviruses make full-length copies of their genomic RNA, which are integrated into freshly formed…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.