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Explain the discrepancy between the whole blood glucose concentration and the plasma glucose concentration in the neonate.

Explain the discrepancy between the whole blood glucose concentration and the plasma glucose concentration in the neonate.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
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Explain the discrepancy between the whole blood glucose concentration and the plasma glucose concentration in the neonate.

 

Ot N Ti De 604 Prir 26 Ide Sul Cla LC S L ( ( P [ tes, a only in thos (1) hypoglycemic syn concentration is low (<50 mg/ toms are present; and (3) symptoms by correction of the hypoglycemia when admini tered glucose or glucagon. Symptoms of hypogly- cemia include increased hunger, sweating, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, nervousness and shaking, blurring of speech and sight, and mental confusion. When hypoglycemia symptoms present in individu- als in a postabsorptive (fasting) state, an insulinoma (pancreatic B-cell tumor) might be suspected. Lab- oratory findings include decreased plasma glucose levels during a hypoglycemic episode and extremely elevated insulin levels in patients with an insuli- noma. To investigate an insulinoma, the patient is required to fast under controlled conditions. Men and women have different metabolic patterns in prolonged fasts. The healthy male will main- tain plasma glucose of 55 to 60 mg/dL for several days. Healthy females will produce ketones more readily and permit plasma glucose to decrease to 40 mg/dL or lower. Diagnostic criteria for an insuli- noma include a change in glucose level ≥25 mg/dL omonone of glyc ital form of glycogen storage disease is glucos phosphatase deficiency type 1, also called von Ge cose by way of hepatic glycogenolysis, growth disease, which is an autosomal recessive disease disease is characterized by severe hypoglycemia elevated lactate and alanine. Hypoglycemia because glycogen cannot be converted back u buildup is found in the liver, causing hepat aly. The patients usually have severe hypogly A liver biopsy will show a positive glycogen p Although the glycogen accumulation is irreve the disease can be kept under control by a the development of hypoglycemia. Liver tation corrects the hypoglycemic condition enzyme defects or deficiencies that cause glycemia include glycogen synthase, fru hyperlipidemia, uricemia, and CASE STUDY 9.6, PART 2 Recall Jo Ann, a 28-year-old woman who delivered her daughter, Martha, early this morning. The mother's history was incomplete; she claimed to have had no medical care through her pregnancy. Several hours after birth, Martha became lethargic and flaccid. A whole blood glu- cose and ionized calcium were ordered and performed in the nursery with the following results: 25 mg/dL 4.9 mg/dL Whole blood glucose lonized calcium Plasma glucose was drawn and analyzed in the main laboratory to confirm the whole blood findings. Plasma glucose 33 mg/dL An intravenous glucose solution was started, and whole blood glucose was measured hourly. SKE OyasindimbikiStoc Getty Images 1. Give the possible explanation for the Martha's large birth weight and size. 2. If Jo Ann has gestational diabetes, why is her baby hypoglycemic? 3. Explain the discrepancy between the whole blood glucose concentration and the plasma glucose concentra the neonate. 4. If Jo Ann had received appropriate prenatal care, what laboratory tests should have been performed, and criteria would have indicated that she had gestational diabetes? Galactoser in infants, is a enzymes invo in increased L common enzy uridyltransfer inhibition of diarrhea and from the die versible com will develop The disorder cyte galactos Laboratory irubinemia, tissue, and enzyme de deficiency, fructose ing Specific and long-ch ble for hyp idiopathic appears to insulin in after a mea gastric fact CASE Recall Em tion. Her p history of results we Laborato Fasting b Choleste HDL Triglycer 1. What 2. Desc 3. Wha 4. Wha
Transcribed Image Text:Ot N Ti De 604 Prir 26 Ide Sul Cla LC S L ( ( P [ tes, a only in thos (1) hypoglycemic syn concentration is low (<50 mg/ toms are present; and (3) symptoms by correction of the hypoglycemia when admini tered glucose or glucagon. Symptoms of hypogly- cemia include increased hunger, sweating, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, nervousness and shaking, blurring of speech and sight, and mental confusion. When hypoglycemia symptoms present in individu- als in a postabsorptive (fasting) state, an insulinoma (pancreatic B-cell tumor) might be suspected. Lab- oratory findings include decreased plasma glucose levels during a hypoglycemic episode and extremely elevated insulin levels in patients with an insuli- noma. To investigate an insulinoma, the patient is required to fast under controlled conditions. Men and women have different metabolic patterns in prolonged fasts. The healthy male will main- tain plasma glucose of 55 to 60 mg/dL for several days. Healthy females will produce ketones more readily and permit plasma glucose to decrease to 40 mg/dL or lower. Diagnostic criteria for an insuli- noma include a change in glucose level ≥25 mg/dL omonone of glyc ital form of glycogen storage disease is glucos phosphatase deficiency type 1, also called von Ge cose by way of hepatic glycogenolysis, growth disease, which is an autosomal recessive disease disease is characterized by severe hypoglycemia elevated lactate and alanine. Hypoglycemia because glycogen cannot be converted back u buildup is found in the liver, causing hepat aly. The patients usually have severe hypogly A liver biopsy will show a positive glycogen p Although the glycogen accumulation is irreve the disease can be kept under control by a the development of hypoglycemia. Liver tation corrects the hypoglycemic condition enzyme defects or deficiencies that cause glycemia include glycogen synthase, fru hyperlipidemia, uricemia, and CASE STUDY 9.6, PART 2 Recall Jo Ann, a 28-year-old woman who delivered her daughter, Martha, early this morning. The mother's history was incomplete; she claimed to have had no medical care through her pregnancy. Several hours after birth, Martha became lethargic and flaccid. A whole blood glu- cose and ionized calcium were ordered and performed in the nursery with the following results: 25 mg/dL 4.9 mg/dL Whole blood glucose lonized calcium Plasma glucose was drawn and analyzed in the main laboratory to confirm the whole blood findings. Plasma glucose 33 mg/dL An intravenous glucose solution was started, and whole blood glucose was measured hourly. SKE OyasindimbikiStoc Getty Images 1. Give the possible explanation for the Martha's large birth weight and size. 2. If Jo Ann has gestational diabetes, why is her baby hypoglycemic? 3. Explain the discrepancy between the whole blood glucose concentration and the plasma glucose concentra the neonate. 4. If Jo Ann had received appropriate prenatal care, what laboratory tests should have been performed, and criteria would have indicated that she had gestational diabetes? Galactoser in infants, is a enzymes invo in increased L common enzy uridyltransfer inhibition of diarrhea and from the die versible com will develop The disorder cyte galactos Laboratory irubinemia, tissue, and enzyme de deficiency, fructose ing Specific and long-ch ble for hyp idiopathic appears to insulin in after a mea gastric fact CASE Recall Em tion. Her p history of results we Laborato Fasting b Choleste HDL Triglycer 1. What 2. Desc 3. Wha 4. Wha
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