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Explain how the sun’s unequal heating of Earth’s surface
results in deserts near 30° north and south of the equator.
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- The Earth's climate has changed throughout history. Just in the last 650,000 years there have been seven cycles of glacial advance ar etreat, with the abrupt end of the last ice age about 7,000 years ago marking the beginning of the modern climate era and of human Civilization. Most of these climate changes are attributed to very small variations in Earth's orbit that change the amount of solar ene our planet receives. The current warming trend is of particular significance because most of it is very likely human-induced and proceeding at a very rapid rate not seen in the past 1,300 years. Earth-orbiting satellites and other technological advances have enabl- scientists to see the big picture, collecting many different types of information about our planet and its climate on a global scale. www.om Warming oceans Carbon dioxide levels continue to rise. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have decreased in mass. Desertification has increased due to the rapid evaporation of freshwater…Describe the radiation flux from the sun that can create the ocean currents?If the earth migrated backward to three times it's current distance away from the sun, by how much would the suns gravitational force on us weaken?
- What are sunspots? How does solar output change as sunspot numbers change? Is there a solid connection between sunspot numbers and climate change on Earth?Discuss why does the average temperature of the atmosphere rise? What might have caused an unprecedented increase in its level?In stratosphere, which elements acts as a catalyst in degradation of ozone and release of molecular oxygen?
- What is the relationship between solar radiation and ocean circulationOutline three characteristics of exosphere.This is the Keeling Curve, the record of atmospheric CO2 as measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, over the last several decades. What do the small oscillations in this curve reflect? November 18, 2021 Carbon dioxide concentration at Mauna Loa Observatory 420 410 Full Record ending November 18, 2021 400 390 380 370 360 350 340 8 330 320 310 1960 2000 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2005 2010 2015 2020 O a. The change in the direction of ocean breezes over Hawaii b. Annual cycles, driven by the seasonal pattern of photosynthesis in the Northern Hemisphere O c. The episodic outgassing of the Mauna Loa volcano where the observatory is located d. Annual cycles, driven by CO2 incorporation into glaciers in winter Co, Concentration (ppm)
- The greenhouse effect in the atmosphere is produced due to: 1.Absorption and re-emission of infrared radiation by the atmosphere 2.Absorption and re-emission of ultraviolet radiation by the atmosphere 3.Absorption and re-emission of visible light by the atmosphere 4.Absorption and re-emission of visible light by cloudsThe three images below are snapshots of the atmospheric CO2 concentration in May, July, and September of a year. To interpret the CO2 concentration: blue/green/yellow indicates lower to medium CO2 concentrations and red/maroon/pink indicates medium-high to highest CO2 concentrations. Question: Which of the phenomena described below best explains why CO2 concentrations are lowest in the summer when compared to the spring or fallI/winter? 2006 / 05 / 09 NASA 2006 / 07 / 12 Canon Den ano n n Cat C m e NASA Global Medeling and Assinilten Offoe Cate ae 2006 / 11 / 13 Gobal Modeling and Assimiation Ofice NASA O Higher rates of plant and algae growth in summer lead to higher photosynthesis rates O Less fossil fuels are emitted by humans in the summer O More cars are driven by humans in the summer O Lower rates of plant and algae growth in summer lead to decreased rates of photosynthesisConsidering the human connection to hydrologic changes, how will climate change affect the main components of the cryosphere, and the subsequent effects that will cause changes in drylands?