Ernest Rutherford (the first New Zealander to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry) demonstrated that nuclei were very small and dense by scattering helium-4 nuclei (4He) from gold-197 nuclei (197Au ). The energy of the incoming helium nucleus was 8.00×10−13J, and the masses of the helium and gold nuclei were 6.68×10−27kg and 3.29×10−25kg, respectively (note that their mass ratio is 4 to 197). (a) If a helium nucleus scatters to an angle of 120º during an elastic collision with a gold nucleus, calculate the helium nucleus’s final speed and the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of the gold nucleus. (b) What is the final kinetic energy of the helium nucleus?

Q: The simplest nucleus, that of hydrogen, is a single proton. Next comes the nucleus of H, the isotope…

A: To calculate the binding energy of the deuteron, we can use the formula for the binding energy (BE)…

Q: 3 One method of producing neutrons for experimental use is to bombard Li with protons. The neutrons…

A: The left side of the equation consists of a proton (¹H) and Lithium (7Li). The atomic mass of a…

Q: 2. Uranium-235 decays into Barium-141 and Krypton-92 via nuclear fission. (a) Calculate the radii of…

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Q: AA>) mass defect that occurs as a result of the fission of nihonium-284 (Z = 113) is 0.32205 amu,…

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Q: An alpha particle undergoes inelastic scattering by a C-12 nucleus at an angle of 60◦. What fraction…

A: Solution:-              α‐particle mass =4 mIntial velocity og neclues is  ucollision velocity of…

Q: A 1.67*10^-27 kg neutron is traveling at (8.0x10^6) m/s. How many Joules of kinetic energy does it…

A: Given: The mass of the neutron is 1.67x10-27 kg. The speed of the neutron is 8x106 m/s.

Q: In the formula E=mc2, the letter c stands for: the speed of an electron around the nucleus the…

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Q: At the end of its life, a star with a mass 7.8 times the Sun's mass is expected to collapse,…

A: Given,  Mass of star m = 7.8 x 1.99 x 1030 Kg Mass of neutron mn = 1.67 x 10-27 Kg

Q: Outside the nucleus, the neutron itself is radioactive and decays into a proton, an electron, and an…

A: Let N0 be the initial No. of neutrons of half life T=10.4 min we know, N=N0e-λt......(1) where,  λ…

Q: A Boron -12 atom ( 12.01435u) beta -decays into a carbon atom ( 12.00000 u). What is the maximum…

A:

Q: Deuterium fuses with tritium by the following reaction: 21H+31H⟶42He+10n12H+13H⟶24He+01n The…

A: Given:atomic mass of Deutrium, m2 = 2.014102 uatomic mass of Tritium, m3 = 3.016049 uatomic mass of…

Q: A Boron -12 atom ( 12.01435u) beta -decays into a carbon atom ( 12.00000 u). What is the maximum…

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Q: In the reaction n+ 12C → a ±? , what is the product nucleus?

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Q: At the end of its life, a star with a mass of two times the Sun’s mass is expected to collapse,…

A: The expression for the radius is,

Q: Consider the following nuclear reaction B → Be + 'e + v and determine the Q value or total energy…

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Q: Use the below values for this problem. Please note that the mass for H is for the entire atom…

A: By using Q value formula and binding energy formula we can calculate both problems. Q value of…

Q: Q4. a) Alpha decay is a two body final state process, in which a nucleus 4 AXz →(A−4) Y(z−2) +¹ He₂…

A: The objective of the question is to understand the process of alpha decay and its relation to…

Q: Suppose an archaeologist finds an ancient seashell necklace, and the 14C content of the necklace is…

A: Calculate the decay constant of 14C. k=ln2t1/2=ln25730 yr=1.209×10-4 yr-1 Here, k is the decay…

Q: (2) What is the mass defect of a He atom if the atomic mass is 4.002603 amu? Answer: ---- mass…

A: 2) The mass defect  Additional Information: The mass of the proton, mp is 1.007276 u.…

Q: Gold-197 has an atomic number of 79 and an atomic mass number of 197.  The mass of a gold nucleus…

A: Gold-197 has an atomic number of 79 and an atomic mass number of 197.    The mass of a gold nucleus…

Q: 223 A 88 Ra nucleus undergoes alpha decay according to the reaction 223 88 Ra 219 Rn + 86 He.…

A: Given, Atomic Mass of R88223a=223.0185uAtomic Mass of R86219n=219.0095uAtomic Mass of H24e=4.0026u…

Q: The unified atomic mass unit, denoted u, is defined to be 1 u = 1.6605 × 10^-27 kg. It can be used…

A: Given:-   1 u = 1.6605 × 10-27 kg The number of nucleons  n = 9 It can be used as an approximation…

Q: A uranium-235 nucleus absorbs a neutron and the splits into a bromine-87 nucleus, a lanthanum-146…

A: The mass-energy equivalence principle is, ,where  is the energy, is the mass defect, and is the…

Q: The nuclear radius of a fictitious element is 3.145 fm. The number of protons and the number of…

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Q: Ernest Rutherford (the first New Zealander to be awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry) demonstrated…

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Q: In a scattering experiment, an alpha particle A is projected with the velocity uo = -(600 m/s)i +…

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Q: Consider the following a-decay of the Uranium nucleus 236 U 92 232 90 Th+a. (a) Show how the mass…

A: Given (a) 92U236→90Th232 +αi.e. 92U236→90Th232 +XαY The atomic number and atomic mass number should…

Q: 9 H the mass of the products in a fission reaction is 3.2 x 10^28 kg less than the reactants, how…

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Relativistic Energy and Momentum

According to classical physics, time flow is the same for every observer. But according to einstein's theory, time flow is different for different observers. The idea that time flow is not the same for all may sound strange because we may not experience this effect in everyday life. This effect is only observed when an object moves with some velocity comparable to the velocity of light. This velocity is termed relativistic velocity.