Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Many enzymes are inhibited irreversibly by heavy metal ions such as Hg2+, Cu2+, or Ag+, which can react with essential sulfhydryl groups to form mercaptides:
The affinity of Ag + for sulfhydryl groups is so great that Ag+ can be used to titrate —SH groups quantitatively. To 10.0 mL of a solution containing 1.0 mg/mL of a pure enzyme, an investigator added just enough AgNO3 to completely inactivate the enzyme. A total of 0.342 μmol of AgNO3 was required. Calculate the minimum molecular weight of the enzyme. Why does the value obtained in this way give only the minimum molecular weight?
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