1 Matter, Measurements, And Calculations 2 Atoms And Molecules 3 Electronic Structure And The Periodic Law 4 Forces Between Particles 5 Chemical Reactions 6 The States Of Matter 7 Sollutions And Colloids 8 Reaction Rates And Equilibrium 9 Acids, Bases, And Salts 10 Radioactivity And Nuclear Processes 11 Organic Compounds: Alkanes 12 Unsaturated Hydrocarbons 13 Alcohols, Phenols, And Ethers 14 Aldehydes And Ketones 15 Carboxylic Acids And Esters 16 Amines And Amides 17 Carbohydrates 18 Lipids 19 Proteins 20 Enzymes 21 Nucleic Acids And Protein Synthesis 22 Nutrition And Energy For Life 23 Carbohydrate Metabolism 24 Lipid And Amino Acid Metabolism 25 Body Fluids Chapter14: Aldehydes And Ketones
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 14.1E Problem 14.2E Problem 14.3E: Identify each of the following compounds as an aldehyde, a ketone, or neither: a.d. b.e. c.f. Problem 14.4E: Identify each of the following compounds as an aldehyde, a ketone, or neither: a.d. b.e. c.f. Problem 14.5E Problem 14.6E Problem 14.7E Problem 14.8E Problem 14.9E: Draw structural formulas and give IUPAC names for all the isomeric aldehydes and ketones that have... Problem 14.10E: Draw structural formulas and give IUPAC names for all the isomeric aldehydes and ketones that have... Problem 14.11E: Each of the following names is wrong. Give the structure and correct name of each compound. a... Problem 14.12E: Each of the following names is wrong. Give the structure and correct name of each compound. a... Problem 14.13E Problem 14.14E Problem 14.15E Problem 14.16E: Explain why propane boils at 42C, whereas ethanal, which has the same molecular weight, boils at... Problem 14.17E: Use a dotted line to show hydrogen bonding between molecules in each of the following pairs: a. and... Problem 14.18E: Use a dotted line to show hydrogen bonding between molecules in each of the following pairs: a. and... Problem 14.19E Problem 14.20E Problem 14.21E Problem 14.22E Problem 14.23E Problem 14.24E Problem 14.25E: Label each of the following as acetals, ketals, or neither: a. b. c. Problem 14.26E: Label each of the following as acetals, ketals, or neither: a. b. c. Problem 14.27E: Label each of the following structures as a cyclic hemiacetal, hemiketal, acetal, ketal, or none of... Problem 14.28E: Label each of the following structures as a hemiacetal, hemiketal, acetal, ketal, or none of these:... Problem 14.29E: What two functional groups react to form the following? a. A hemiacetal b. An acetal c. A ketal d. A... Problem 14.30E: Hemiacetals are sometimes referred to as potential aldehydes. Explain. Problem 14.31E: Complete the following statements: a. Oxidation of a secondary alcohol produces ___________. b.... Problem 14.32E Problem 14.33E Problem 14.34E Problem 14.35E Problem 14.36E: Not all aldehyde give a positve Bendicts test. Which of the follwing aldehydes do? a. d. b. e. c. Problem 14.37E: A stockroom assistant prepares three bottles, each containing one of the following compounds:... Problem 14.38E: Glucose, the sugar present within the blood, gives a positive Benedicts test. Circle the structural... Problem 14.39E: Fructose, present with glucose in honey, reacts with Benedicts reagent. Circle the structural... Problem 14.40E Problem 14.41E Problem 14.42E: Complete the following equations. If no reaction occurs, write no reaction. a. b. c. d. e. Problem 14.43E: Complete the following equations. If no reaction occurs, write no reaction. a. b. c. d. e. Problem 14.44E: Describe the products that result when hydrogen (H2) is added to alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes, and... Problem 14.45E Problem 14.46E: Draw structural formulas for the products of the following hydrolysis reactions: a. b.... Problem 14.47E: The following compounds are cyclic acetals or ketals. Write structural formulas for the hydrolysis... Problem 14.48E: The following compounds are cyclic acetals or ketals. Write structural formulas for the hydrolysis... Problem 14.49E: Write equations to show how the following conversions can be achieved. More than one reaction is... Problem 14.50E Problem 14.51E: Identify the most important aldehyde and ketone from Section 14.4 on the basis of amount used, and... Problem 14.52E: Using Table 14.3, name an aldehyde or ketone used in the following ways: a. Peppermint flavoring b.... Problem 14.53E Problem 14.54E: CH3COH(O)CH3COOHacetaldehydeaceticacid You need to produce 500g of acetic acid using the reaction... Problem 14.55E: The addition of water to aldehydes and ketones occurs rapidly, although it is not thermodynamically... Problem 14.56E Problem 14.57E: Formaldehyde levels above 0.10mg/1000L of ambient air can cause some humans to experience difficulty... Problem 14.58E: In the IUPAC name for the following ketone, it is not common to use a number for the position of the... Problem 14.59E: Why can formaldehyde (CH2O) be prepared in the form of a 37 solution in water, whereas decanal... Problem 14.60E: Other addition reactions of aldehydes occur. Water, for example, adds to the carbonyl of... Problem 14.61E Problem 14.62E Problem 14.63E: Vanilla flavoring is either extracted from a tropical orchid or synthetically produced from wood... Problem 14.64E Problem 14.65E: The use of acetone in laboratory experiments must be carefully monitored because of the highly... Problem 14.66E Problem 14.67E Problem 14.68E: Which of the following would be classified as a ketone? a. b. c. Problem 14.61E
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Draw the structure of oxidised anthraquinone-2-sulfonate and the reduced structure of anthraquinone-2-sulfonate at both ketone groups taking into accout that 2 protons and 2 electrons are transferred.
Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone
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