Draw the product of the reaction shown below. Ignore inorganic byproducts. cat. H₂SO4 HNO3 (1 equiv) a

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**Problem Statement**: Draw the product of the reaction shown below. Ignore inorganic byproducts.

**Reactant**: A benzene ring is depicted, represented by a hexagonal ring with alternating double bonds.

**Reaction Conditions**:
- Catalyst: H₂SO₄ 
- Reagent: HNO₃ (1 equivalent)

**Instructions**: Use the given reactant and conditions to determine the organic product of the reaction. The reaction is likely a nitration of benzene, a classic electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The product should have a nitro group (–NO₂) attached to the benzene ring, resulting in nitrobenzene.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement**: Draw the product of the reaction shown below. Ignore inorganic byproducts. **Reactant**: A benzene ring is depicted, represented by a hexagonal ring with alternating double bonds. **Reaction Conditions**: - Catalyst: H₂SO₄ - Reagent: HNO₃ (1 equivalent) **Instructions**: Use the given reactant and conditions to determine the organic product of the reaction. The reaction is likely a nitration of benzene, a classic electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The product should have a nitro group (–NO₂) attached to the benzene ring, resulting in nitrobenzene.
### Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene

**Objective**: Draw the product of the reaction, ignoring inorganic byproducts. 

**Reaction Setup**:
- **Substrate**: Benzene (C₆H₅)
- **Reagents**: 
  - Catalyst: H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid)
  - SO₃ (sulfur trioxide) in 1 equivalent

**Diagram Explanation**:
1. The image shows a benzene ring, which is a six-membered carbon ring with alternating double bonds.
2. An arrow points downwards, indicating the direction of the reaction.
3. Below the arrow, the catalysts and reactants are listed:
   - **cat. H₂SO₄**: Indicates sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst.
   - **SO₃ (1 equiv)**: Indicates the use of one equivalent of sulfur trioxide.

**Expected Product**:
- The reaction is a typical sulfonation of benzene, an electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the benzene ring will react with SO₃ in the presence of H₂SO₄ to form benzenesulfonic acid (C₆H₅SO₃H). In this product, a sulfonic acid group (–SO₃H) is substituted onto the benzene ring.
Transcribed Image Text:### Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene **Objective**: Draw the product of the reaction, ignoring inorganic byproducts. **Reaction Setup**: - **Substrate**: Benzene (C₆H₅) - **Reagents**: - Catalyst: H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid) - SO₃ (sulfur trioxide) in 1 equivalent **Diagram Explanation**: 1. The image shows a benzene ring, which is a six-membered carbon ring with alternating double bonds. 2. An arrow points downwards, indicating the direction of the reaction. 3. Below the arrow, the catalysts and reactants are listed: - **cat. H₂SO₄**: Indicates sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst. - **SO₃ (1 equiv)**: Indicates the use of one equivalent of sulfur trioxide. **Expected Product**: - The reaction is a typical sulfonation of benzene, an electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the benzene ring will react with SO₃ in the presence of H₂SO₄ to form benzenesulfonic acid (C₆H₅SO₃H). In this product, a sulfonic acid group (–SO₃H) is substituted onto the benzene ring.
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