Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
Draw the features of a yeast knock out cassette. How does it integrate into the yeast genome generating a knockout?
A gene knockout is a genetic technique in which one of an organism's genes is made inoperative. However, knockout can also refer to the gene that is knocked out or the organism that carries the gene knockout. Knockout organisms are used to study gene function, usually by investigating the effect of gene loss.
Traditionally, homologous recombination was the main method to create a gene knockout. It involves producing a DNA construct with the desired mutation. For knockout purposes, this typically involves a drug resistance marker in place of the desired knockout gene. The construct must also contain a minimum of 2kb of homology to the target sequence. The construct can be delivered to stem cells either through microinjection or electroporation. The cell then uses its own repair mechanisms to recombine the DNA construct into its existing DNA. This results in the sequence of the gene being altered, and in most cases the gene will be translated into a nonfunctional protein.
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