Double-strand break 13' Homologous chromatids Strand degradation occurs at the double-strand break site to yleld single-stranded ends. Strand Invaslon causes D-loop formation. D-loop Gap repalr synthesis fills in the vacant reglons. щии பாபபா Branch migration and resolution can produce recombinant or nonrecombinant chromosomes. Nonrecombinant chromosomes Recombinant chromosomes Crossover site FIGURE 20.3 A simplified version of the double-strand break model. For simplicity, this illustration does not include the formation of heteroduplexes. The dashed arrow indicates that the pathum ta tha la mm be lacr fawond

Q: What type of bonding interaction causes stem-loops to form?

A: Stem loop is also known as hairpin loop structure. It is an intramolecular base pairing that…

Q: What are aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?

A: A protein or polypeptide sequence is biosynthesized during translation inside a live cell. The…

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Q: Describe untranslated regions (UTR).

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Q: What is a codon?

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Q: What are histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi)? Give example(s)

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Q: What codons are used and with what frequency?

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Q: Describe untranslated regions (UTR).

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Proteins

We generally tend to think of proteins only from a dietary lens, as a component of what we eat. However, they are among the most important and abundant organic macromolecules in the human body, with diverse structures and functions. Every cell contains thousands and thousands of proteins, each with specific functions. Some help in the formation of cellular membrane or walls, some help the cell to move, others act as messages or signals and flow seamlessly from one cell to another, carrying information.  

Protein Expression

The method by which living organisms synthesize proteins and further modify and regulate them is called protein expression. Protein expression plays a significant role in several types of research and is highly utilized in molecular biology, biochemistry, and protein research laboratories.