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Discuss the relationship between industrial 4.0, industrial internet of things (IIOT) and big data (BD) the implementation in the advanced modern era logistics business operations towards effective supply chain business processes.

Discuss the relationship between industrial 4.0, industrial internet of things (IIOT) and big data (BD) the implementation in the advanced modern era logistics business operations towards effective supply chain business processes.

Practical Management Science
Practical Management Science
6th Edition
ISBN:9781337406659
Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.
Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.
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With the help of the case study. Discuss the relationship between industrial 4.0, industrial internet of things (IIOT) and big data (BD) the implementation in the advanced modern era logistics business operations towards effective supply chain business processes. You are required to include clear necessary reasonable assumptions.

Part A: Case Study Industry 4.0 (4IR) World Examples of Digital Manufacturing in Action Industry 4.0 in a nutshell - Industry 4.0 is signaling a change in the traditional manufacturing landscape. Also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0 encompasses three technological trends driving this transformation: connectivity, intelligence and flexible automation. Industry 4.0 converges IT (Information Technology) and OT (Operational Technology), to create a cyber physical environment. 2. Big Data and Analytics Big Data refers to the large and complex data sets generated by IoT devices. This data comes from a wide range of cloud and enterprise applications, websites, computers, sensors, cameras and much more - all coming in different formats and protocols. In the manufacturing industry, there are many different types of data to take into consideration, including the data coming from production equipment fitted with and databases from ERP, CRM and MES systems, sensors But how can manufacturers convert the data collected into actionable business This convergence has been made possible thanks to the emergence of digital solutions and advanced technologies, which are often associated with Industry 4.0. These include: insights and tangible benefits? Ultimately, by taking previously isolated data sets, collecting and analyzing them, companies the processes that have the greatest effect on yield. now able to find new ways to optimize Industrial Internet of Things Big Data & Cloud computing Additive manufacturing (AM) Spotlight: Big Data decision-making at Bosch Automotive factory in China Combining IloT and Big Data is a recipe Bosch is using to drive the digital transformation of its Bosch Automotive Diesel Svstem factory in Wxi, China. Advanced robotics Digital Twins Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR). These technologies are helping to drive manufacturing's digital transformation through the integration of previously disparate systems and processes through interconnected computer systems across the value and supply chain. Embracing Industry 4.0, digital manufacturing and the inter connectivity that comes with it opens a myriad of benefits for companies, including greater agility, flexibility and operational performance. 3. Cloud computing Cloud computing offers a platform for users to store and process vast amounts of data on remote servers. It enables organizations to use computer resources without having to develop a computing infrastructure on premise. The term cloud computing refers to information being stored in the "cloud", accessed remotely via the Internet. In itself, cloud is not a solution on its own, but enables the implementation of other computing solutions that once required heavy computing power. The capability of cloud computing to companies to capture and apply business intelligence through the use of big data analytics, helping them to consolidate and streamline manufacturing and business operations.Manufacturers' global spending on cloud computing platforms is predicted to reach $9.2 billion in 2021, according to IDC. A key factor behind this adoption is the benefit of being able to centralise operations, eliminating so that information can be shared across an entire organisation. According to one IDC survey, Quality Control, Computer-Aided Engineering and Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) are the three most widely adopted systems in the cloud. provide scalable computing resources and storage space enables 1. Industrial Internet of Things IoT refers to a network of physical devices that are digitally interconnected, facilitating the communication and exchange of data through the Internet. These smart devices could be any thing from smart-phones and household appliances to cars and even buildings. Industrial IoT is a subset of the Internet of Things, where various sensors, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, software and electronics are integrated with industrial machines and systems to collect real-time data about their condition and performance. Clearly, cloud computing is transforming virtually every facet of manufacturing, from work-flow management to production operations – and even product qualification. IIOT has many use cases, with asset management and tracking being one of the major applications of the technology today. For example, IloT can be used is to prevent the overstocking or understocking of inventory. As this example demonstrates, IloT can significantly improve operations, increase efficiency, reduce costs and provide valuable real-time visibility across the supply chain. Spotlight: BJC Healthcare are adopting IoT for inventory and supply chain management. Spotlight: Volkswagen creates Automotive Cloud Connected cars are a big new trend in the automotive industry, having emerged as an opportunity to offer digital added-value services for customers. One of the first automakers to jump on this trend is Volkswagen, which joined forces with Microsoft to develop a cloud network, the "Volkswagen Automotive Cloud". 4. Advanced Robotics While robotics have been used in manufacturing for decades, Industry 4.0 has given new life to this technology. With recent advancements in technology, a new generation of advanced robotics is emerging, capable of performing difficult and delicate tasks. Powered by cutting-edge software and sensors, they can recognize, analyze and act upon infomation they receive from the environment, and even collaborate and leam from humans.One area of robotics gaining significant traction is
Transcribed Image Text:Part A: Case Study Industry 4.0 (4IR) World Examples of Digital Manufacturing in Action Industry 4.0 in a nutshell - Industry 4.0 is signaling a change in the traditional manufacturing landscape. Also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0 encompasses three technological trends driving this transformation: connectivity, intelligence and flexible automation. Industry 4.0 converges IT (Information Technology) and OT (Operational Technology), to create a cyber physical environment. 2. Big Data and Analytics Big Data refers to the large and complex data sets generated by IoT devices. This data comes from a wide range of cloud and enterprise applications, websites, computers, sensors, cameras and much more - all coming in different formats and protocols. In the manufacturing industry, there are many different types of data to take into consideration, including the data coming from production equipment fitted with and databases from ERP, CRM and MES systems, sensors But how can manufacturers convert the data collected into actionable business This convergence has been made possible thanks to the emergence of digital solutions and advanced technologies, which are often associated with Industry 4.0. These include: insights and tangible benefits? Ultimately, by taking previously isolated data sets, collecting and analyzing them, companies the processes that have the greatest effect on yield. now able to find new ways to optimize Industrial Internet of Things Big Data & Cloud computing Additive manufacturing (AM) Spotlight: Big Data decision-making at Bosch Automotive factory in China Combining IloT and Big Data is a recipe Bosch is using to drive the digital transformation of its Bosch Automotive Diesel Svstem factory in Wxi, China. Advanced robotics Digital Twins Augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR). These technologies are helping to drive manufacturing's digital transformation through the integration of previously disparate systems and processes through interconnected computer systems across the value and supply chain. Embracing Industry 4.0, digital manufacturing and the inter connectivity that comes with it opens a myriad of benefits for companies, including greater agility, flexibility and operational performance. 3. Cloud computing Cloud computing offers a platform for users to store and process vast amounts of data on remote servers. It enables organizations to use computer resources without having to develop a computing infrastructure on premise. The term cloud computing refers to information being stored in the "cloud", accessed remotely via the Internet. In itself, cloud is not a solution on its own, but enables the implementation of other computing solutions that once required heavy computing power. The capability of cloud computing to companies to capture and apply business intelligence through the use of big data analytics, helping them to consolidate and streamline manufacturing and business operations.Manufacturers' global spending on cloud computing platforms is predicted to reach $9.2 billion in 2021, according to IDC. A key factor behind this adoption is the benefit of being able to centralise operations, eliminating so that information can be shared across an entire organisation. According to one IDC survey, Quality Control, Computer-Aided Engineering and Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) are the three most widely adopted systems in the cloud. provide scalable computing resources and storage space enables 1. Industrial Internet of Things IoT refers to a network of physical devices that are digitally interconnected, facilitating the communication and exchange of data through the Internet. These smart devices could be any thing from smart-phones and household appliances to cars and even buildings. Industrial IoT is a subset of the Internet of Things, where various sensors, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, software and electronics are integrated with industrial machines and systems to collect real-time data about their condition and performance. Clearly, cloud computing is transforming virtually every facet of manufacturing, from work-flow management to production operations – and even product qualification. IIOT has many use cases, with asset management and tracking being one of the major applications of the technology today. For example, IloT can be used is to prevent the overstocking or understocking of inventory. As this example demonstrates, IloT can significantly improve operations, increase efficiency, reduce costs and provide valuable real-time visibility across the supply chain. Spotlight: BJC Healthcare are adopting IoT for inventory and supply chain management. Spotlight: Volkswagen creates Automotive Cloud Connected cars are a big new trend in the automotive industry, having emerged as an opportunity to offer digital added-value services for customers. One of the first automakers to jump on this trend is Volkswagen, which joined forces with Microsoft to develop a cloud network, the "Volkswagen Automotive Cloud". 4. Advanced Robotics While robotics have been used in manufacturing for decades, Industry 4.0 has given new life to this technology. With recent advancements in technology, a new generation of advanced robotics is emerging, capable of performing difficult and delicate tasks. Powered by cutting-edge software and sensors, they can recognize, analyze and act upon infomation they receive from the environment, and even collaborate and leam from humans.One area of robotics gaining significant traction is
collaborative robots ("cobots"), designed to work safely around people, freeing to this concept. As an IloT device sends data almost in real time, a digital twin is able to collect this data continuously, maintaining its fidelity with the original throughout the lifespan of the product or system. This enables the digital twin to predict potential issues so that preemptive measures can be taken. For example, an operator can use a malfunctioning or to predict the lifetime of a product. This continuous simulation helps to improve designs of products as well as to workers from repetitive and dangerous tasks. Spotlight: Fetch Robotics help DHL improve warehouse operations. Fetch Robotics in a warehouse [Image credit: Fetch Robotics] to identify why a part ryin digital ensure equipment uptime. California-based Fetch Robotics has developed collaborative Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRS) for locating, tracking, and moving inventory in warehouse and This use of digital twins has long been an important tool in demanding aerospace, logistics A DHL distribution centre in the Netherlands is using Fetch AMRS to perform pick technology, machine learning and sensors are expanding the concept of digital and place operations. At DHL, AMRS autonomously move across the facility alongside the workers, automatically learning and sharing the most efficient travel routes. Using self-driving robots 50% and provide up to twice the picking productivity gain, according to the company.As robots become more autonomous, flexible and cooperative, they will be able to tackle even more complex assignments, relieving the workers from monotonous tasks and increasing productivity on the factory floor. facilities. heavy machinery and automotive applications. Now, advances in computing twinning across other industries. this way can help reduce order cycle time by up to Spotlight: Racing to win with digital twins. Siemen's Digital Twin technology can be used to create a virtual version of factory assets [Image credit: Siemens). 7. Augmented reality 5. Additive Manufacturing Alongside robotics and intelligent systems, additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, is a key technology driving Industry 4.0. Additive manufacturing works by using digital 3D models to create parts with a 3D printer layer by layer. Within the context of Industry 4.0, Despite its uptake in consumer applications, the manufacturing industry is just beginning to explore the benefits of Augmented Reality (AR) technology. And yet, there is a huge untapped potential for the technology, from helping with assembly processes to helping to maintain manufacturing equipment. Augmented reality bridges the gap between the digital and physical worlds by superimposing virtual images or data onto a physical object. For this, the technology uses AR-capable devices, such as 3D printing is emerging as a valuable digital manufacturing technology. a rapid prototyping technology, today AM offers a huge scope of smart-phones, tablets and smart glasses.In the context of manufacturing. AR could possibilities for manufacturing from tooling to mass customization across virtually all industries.It enables parts to be stored as design files in virtual inventories, so that they can be produced on-demand and closer to the point of need enable workers to speed up the assembly process and improve decision-making. For example, AR glasses could be used to project data, such as layouts, assembly guidelines, sites of possible malfunction, or a serial number of components, on the real part, facilitating faster and easier work procedures. a model known as distributed manufacturing.Such a decentralized approach to manufacturing can reduce transportation distances, and hence costs, as well as simplify inventory management by storing digital files instead of physical parts. Spotlight: Fast Radius' digital additive manufacturing solutions to enable new business models. There is a multitude of examples of additive manufacturing being put to great use, but a key example is, perhaps, Fast Radius. Spotlight: AR increases productivity at GE General Electric offers a glimpse at how AR technology can empower manufacturing. The company is currently piloting the use of AR glasses at its jet engine manufacturing facility in Cincinnati. Before using these smart glasses, jet engine ensure tasks were being performed correctly. The contract manufacturer, which focuses on AM but also offers CNC machining and injection molding. has production sites in Chicago, Singapore and at the UPS Worldport facility. This makes Fast Radius well-positioned to drive its vision of fast- turnaround and mass customisation of products with the help of advanced manufacturing technologies. Ultimately, Industry 4.0 is set to take root across the manufacturing ecosystem. But only by understanding and hamessing the technologies driving Industry 4.0, will manufacturers stay on the cutting edge of this new digital era. 6. Digital Twins The concept of a digital twin holds great promise for optimizing the performance and maintenance of industrial systems. Global research fim, Gartner, predicts that by 2021, 50% of large industrial companies will be using digital twins to monitor and control their assets and processes.A digital twin is a digital representation of a real- world product, machine, process, or system, that allows companies to better understand, analyze and optimize their processes through real-time simulation. While digital twins can be confused with simulation used in engineering, there is much more Source: Extracted from Autonomous Mamıfacturing (AMFG) cmd Spotlight reports.
Transcribed Image Text:collaborative robots ("cobots"), designed to work safely around people, freeing to this concept. As an IloT device sends data almost in real time, a digital twin is able to collect this data continuously, maintaining its fidelity with the original throughout the lifespan of the product or system. This enables the digital twin to predict potential issues so that preemptive measures can be taken. For example, an operator can use a malfunctioning or to predict the lifetime of a product. This continuous simulation helps to improve designs of products as well as to workers from repetitive and dangerous tasks. Spotlight: Fetch Robotics help DHL improve warehouse operations. Fetch Robotics in a warehouse [Image credit: Fetch Robotics] to identify why a part ryin digital ensure equipment uptime. California-based Fetch Robotics has developed collaborative Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRS) for locating, tracking, and moving inventory in warehouse and This use of digital twins has long been an important tool in demanding aerospace, logistics A DHL distribution centre in the Netherlands is using Fetch AMRS to perform pick technology, machine learning and sensors are expanding the concept of digital and place operations. At DHL, AMRS autonomously move across the facility alongside the workers, automatically learning and sharing the most efficient travel routes. Using self-driving robots 50% and provide up to twice the picking productivity gain, according to the company.As robots become more autonomous, flexible and cooperative, they will be able to tackle even more complex assignments, relieving the workers from monotonous tasks and increasing productivity on the factory floor. facilities. heavy machinery and automotive applications. Now, advances in computing twinning across other industries. this way can help reduce order cycle time by up to Spotlight: Racing to win with digital twins. Siemen's Digital Twin technology can be used to create a virtual version of factory assets [Image credit: Siemens). 7. Augmented reality 5. Additive Manufacturing Alongside robotics and intelligent systems, additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, is a key technology driving Industry 4.0. Additive manufacturing works by using digital 3D models to create parts with a 3D printer layer by layer. Within the context of Industry 4.0, Despite its uptake in consumer applications, the manufacturing industry is just beginning to explore the benefits of Augmented Reality (AR) technology. And yet, there is a huge untapped potential for the technology, from helping with assembly processes to helping to maintain manufacturing equipment. Augmented reality bridges the gap between the digital and physical worlds by superimposing virtual images or data onto a physical object. For this, the technology uses AR-capable devices, such as 3D printing is emerging as a valuable digital manufacturing technology. a rapid prototyping technology, today AM offers a huge scope of smart-phones, tablets and smart glasses.In the context of manufacturing. AR could possibilities for manufacturing from tooling to mass customization across virtually all industries.It enables parts to be stored as design files in virtual inventories, so that they can be produced on-demand and closer to the point of need enable workers to speed up the assembly process and improve decision-making. For example, AR glasses could be used to project data, such as layouts, assembly guidelines, sites of possible malfunction, or a serial number of components, on the real part, facilitating faster and easier work procedures. a model known as distributed manufacturing.Such a decentralized approach to manufacturing can reduce transportation distances, and hence costs, as well as simplify inventory management by storing digital files instead of physical parts. Spotlight: Fast Radius' digital additive manufacturing solutions to enable new business models. There is a multitude of examples of additive manufacturing being put to great use, but a key example is, perhaps, Fast Radius. Spotlight: AR increases productivity at GE General Electric offers a glimpse at how AR technology can empower manufacturing. The company is currently piloting the use of AR glasses at its jet engine manufacturing facility in Cincinnati. Before using these smart glasses, jet engine ensure tasks were being performed correctly. The contract manufacturer, which focuses on AM but also offers CNC machining and injection molding. has production sites in Chicago, Singapore and at the UPS Worldport facility. This makes Fast Radius well-positioned to drive its vision of fast- turnaround and mass customisation of products with the help of advanced manufacturing technologies. Ultimately, Industry 4.0 is set to take root across the manufacturing ecosystem. But only by understanding and hamessing the technologies driving Industry 4.0, will manufacturers stay on the cutting edge of this new digital era. 6. Digital Twins The concept of a digital twin holds great promise for optimizing the performance and maintenance of industrial systems. Global research fim, Gartner, predicts that by 2021, 50% of large industrial companies will be using digital twins to monitor and control their assets and processes.A digital twin is a digital representation of a real- world product, machine, process, or system, that allows companies to better understand, analyze and optimize their processes through real-time simulation. While digital twins can be confused with simulation used in engineering, there is much more Source: Extracted from Autonomous Mamıfacturing (AMFG) cmd Spotlight reports.
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