Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
![Did your p-value PROVE that the population was in H-W equilibrium?
True
False](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa6c5565a-787b-43d3-b23e-780453faf6da%2Fe7c5e080-694c-4ba9-b2eb-edc62a18cf20%2F18cv05b_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![Once upon a time there was a population of hippies living in an isolated commune called Gone. They
had been there for generations, and all members were homozygous for a gene that gave them a
preference for crafting necklaces out of green beads, so that every individual had the genotype GG
at this locus. In another isolated commune, called Yonder, was a population of hippies that had a
genetic propensity for making necklaces out of yellow beads, and everyone was homozygous for a
different allele at the same genetic locus; their genotype was YY. Last year (prior to our current social
isolating) everyone repaired their W buses, and a giant gathering in celebration of the 50th
anniversary was held at the Oregon Country Fair. The next few questions will ask you about these
two populations that came together at the fair.
Genotype
Observed
Expected
(0-E)
(0-E)2
(O-E)?/E
GG
81
79.2
81-79.2-1.8
1.82=3.24
3.24/79.2=0.04
12.96/105.6=0.
GY
102
105.6
102-105.6=-3.6 -3.62=12.96
12
YY
37
35.2
37-35.2=1.8
1.82=3.24
3.24/35.2=0.09
Total
220
220
19.44
0.25](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa6c5565a-787b-43d3-b23e-780453faf6da%2Fe7c5e080-694c-4ba9-b2eb-edc62a18cf20%2Fjmtmm8l_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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